introduction: for a successful root canal treatment, canal must be obturated apically, coronally and laterally to prevent microleakage and canal reinfection. cold lateral condensation is the most popular method of canal obturation; an easy method with a controlled filling. cold lateral technique disadvantages are presence of void, possible vertical root fracture, and absence of a homogenous and...

background and aims. during root canal preparation, debris extruded beyond the apical foramen may result in periapical inflammation and postoperative pain. to date no root canal preparation method has been developed that extrudes no periapical debris. the purpose of this study was to identify a system leading to minimal extrusion of debris from the apical foramen. the study was conducted to com...

introduction: the preparation of the root canal space includes debridement, shaping and apical preparation. these procedures are challenging and constitute. the recent introduction of automated techniques for canal preparation has created considerable interest. the aim of this study was to test shaping ability of one hand instrumentation (passive step-back technique) and new rotary niti system ...

introduction: the effect of apical patency on apical seal is very important in canal preparation. the effect of apical patency on seal of this area was evaluated in this study. methods and materials: in this experimental in vitro study, 90 single rooted mature intact human teeth were cut at cej and were divided in two test groups with 40 each and two control groups with 5 each. canal preparatio...

transportation is by people and for them. it is a process of providing mobility and accessibility for people both as passengers and as consumers of the goods. therefore it is true when today there is an emphasis on the considering transportation the most influential development in every society. regional development cannot properly be happened without enough transportation infrastructure and qu...

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the fracture strength of immature single-rooted teeth restored with fiber post and apical plug. Materials &Methods: In this experimental study, fifty mandibular premolars were divided into five groups. The coronal and apical portions were cut to obtain15±1 mm root lengths and cleaning &shaping were performed. Peeso reamer #4 was passed t...

Correction to: An Ex vivo Analysis of Apical Transportation in Root Canals Prepared with BT Race Rotary and Hand K-Flexofile by Cone Beam Computed Tomography   Abbas Mesgarani1, Azadeh Zakariaie2, Azam Haddadi Kohsar1, Sina Haghanifar3, Jamshid Yazdani Charati4, Arman Ebrahimi5   1 Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical S...