This study was aimed with an objective to investigate the antimicrobial, antifungal and antitubercular activity of different parts of Adansonia digitata L. The leaves, Root bark, and Fruit pulp were extracted with methanol. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the extracts were determined using Broth dilution and Agar disc diffusion method and antitubercular activity was determined usin...

Methods The rats were divided into three groups (n=6 per group), group I served as a control, group II received orally combination of isoniazid (15mg/kg body weight), rifampicin (20mg/kg body weight) and pyrazinamide (35mg/kg body weight) daily for 45 days and group III received simultaneously Silymarin (50mg/kg body weight) and combination of anti-TB drugs at the above mentioned dosages for 45...

The second-line antitubercular drugs thiacetazone (TAZ) and ethionamide (ETA) are bioactivated by the mycobacterial enzyme EtaA. We report here that human flavin-containing monooxygenase 2.1 (FMO2.1), which is expressed predominantly in the lung, catalyzes oxygenation of TAZ. The metabolites generated, the sulfenic acid, sulfinic acid, and carbodiimide derivatives, are the same as those produce...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an obligate aerobe that is capable of long-term persistence under conditions of low oxygen tension. Analysis of the Mtb genome predicts the existence of a branched aerobic respiratory chain terminating in a cytochrome bd system and a cytochrome aa(3) system. Both chains can be initiated with type II NADH:menaquinone oxidoreductase. We present a detailed bioch...

Given the increasing prevalence of tuberculosis, antitubercular drugs frequently used are also associated with ocular toxicity. Ethambutol is the most commonly implicated drug. It is generally well tolerated, but known to cause optic neuritis, more specifically retro bulbar neuritis causing blurred vision, decreased visual acuity, central scotomas, and loss of red-green color vision. The exact ...

The tuberculosis is a typically chronic infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The progress of effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB) has been recently due to alarm regarding the appearance of vastly drug-resistant TB strains. The efforts that gave rise to current first line and second-line anti-TB drugs in global use today and attempts to summarize ongoing discovery being conducted....

Healthy adult albino rats of either sex of Wistar strain weighing 150 to 250 g were used after approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee. They were kept on standard pellet diet and were allowed free access to food and water. The doses of antitubercular drugs (isoniazid (I)-27 mg/kg/day, rifampicin (R)-54 mg/kg/day, pyrazinamide (Z)-135 mg/kg/day) were extrapolated from daily human dose usi...

BACKGROUND The preferred antiretroviral regimen for young children previously exposed to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors is lopinavir/ritonavir plus two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Rifampicin-based antitubercular treatment reduces lopinavir concentrations. Adding extra ritonavir to lopinavir/ritonavir overcomes the effect of rifampicin, however this approach is ...