One of the main obstacles faced by translational neuroscience is the development of animal models of psychiatric disorders. Behavioural pharmacology studies indicate that psychedelic drugs, such as lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and dissociative drugs, such as phencyclidine (PCP), induce in healthy human volunteers psychotic and cognitive symptoms that resemble some of those observed in schiz...

As a strategy for antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia, monotherapy is clearly optimal when both effective and tolerated. When a patient fails to respond to an adequate dose of an antipsychotic, alternatives include switching, administering a higher dose (above the licensed dose), polypharmacy or clozapine. Clozapine is the only option with established efficacy, but is less manageable than ...

BACKGROUND Most studies on the effects of antipsychotics focus on achieving threshold levels of the drug. The speed and frequency with which drug concentrations reach threshold levels and rise and fall within the day are generally ignored. Based on prior data, we predicted that variations in the within-day kinetics of antipsychotic drug delivery would produce different outcomes, even if we held...

Atypical antipsychotic drugs, which are distinguished from typical antipsychotic drugs by a lower incidence of extra-pyramidal side effects and less propensity to elevate serum prolactin levels (e.g., clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine, ziprasidone), have become the most widely used treatments for schizophrenia, although their precise mechanism of action remains controversial. It ha...

Several studies have reported on catatonia caused by the use of antipsychotic drugs and on the association between catatonia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), but none has reported such a case in Korea. Here, we report the case of a 20-year-old woman whose catatonia and NMS appeared associated with the administration of an atypical antipsychotic drug. We discuss the association between ...

Atypical antipsychotic medications, such as risperidone, aripiprazole, and olanzapine, have utility in treating motor tics, particularly in Tourette syndrome. In rare cases, atypical antipsychotic medications have been associated with adult-onset motor tics. Such adverse drug reactions have been documented in response to quetiapine, aripiprazole, and amisulpride. Here, we report, to our knowled...

BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies of drug-induced parkinsonism remain limited. OBJECTIVES To investigate the incidence and time trends of drug-induced parkinsonism over 30 years in a geographically defined American population. METHODS We used the medical records-linkage system of the Rochester Epidemiology Project to identify all persons in Olmsted County, Minnesota, who received a screeni...

Abstract Background Piperidine is an essential heterocyclic system and a pivotal cornerstone in the production of drugs. byproducts showed several important pharmacophoric features are being utilized different therapeutic applications. Main text derivatives ways as anticancer, antiviral, antimalarial, antimicrobial, antifungal, antihypertension, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer, ant...

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), a potentially fatal adverse reaction to neuroleptics, is known to occur more often in the initial stage of antipsychotic treatment. We describe a patient with chronic schizophrenia who, in a few days after the addition of antituberculotic drugs to his antipsychotic regimen, developed probable NMS without pyrexia. We reasoned that rifampin, a strong hepatic ...

We do not know the indication (which patient for which drug) for one antipsychotic versus another or even that one may be uniquely better for an individual patient. We have some information on overall efficacy and safety, which is a different question. Some who believed secondgeneration antipsychotics (SGAs) as a group were more efficacious than first-generation antipsychotic (FGA) drugs were s...