background: elicitors can trigger defense responses and activate specific genes involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis. objective: for understanding sa-treatment signaling pathway we determined defense-related compounds and enzymes in s. marianum hairy root cultures. methods: 28 day old hairy roots were treated by salicylic acid (6 mg/50 ml culture) for different times (24, 48, 72, 96 an...

neurotoxicity following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Accumulation of ROS, particularly superoxide anion (O ) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) causes damage to membrane phospholipids, proteins and DNA. Under normal circumstances, these oxidant species can be effectively scavenged by antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). In mammalian SOD...

background and aims. cigarette smoke can induce oral cancer by its free radicals and oxidative damage. salivary antioxidants system is believed to have an important role in defense mechanisms against oxidative stress. this study was compared total antioxidant capacity (taoc) of saliva in smokers and nonsmokers. materials and methods. in this cross-sectional study, 30 male smokers with mean age ...

The antioxidant effect of aqueous-ethanolic extract from Astragalus glycyphylloides (Fabaceae), and its protection against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity were investigated in male Wistar rats. For seven consequent days the animals were treated orally with A. glycyphylloides extract (EAG) (100 mg/kg). Two hours after the last administration the animals were charged with carbon tetra...

Antioxidant defences are essential for cellular redox regulation. Since free-radical production may be enhanced by physical activity, herein, we evaluated the effect of acute exercise on total antioxidant status (TAS) and the plasma activities of catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase and its possible relation to oxidative stress resulting from exercis...