The forced swim test (FST) is a preclinical test to the screening of antidepressants based on rats or mice behaviours, which is also sensitive to stimulants of motor activity. This work standardised and validated a method to register the active and passive behaviours of Swiss mice during the FST in order to strength the specificity of the test. Adult male Swiss mice were subjected to the FST fo...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There is ongoing concern that stimulant medications may adversely affect growth. In a sample of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) cases and controls from a population-based birth cohort, we assessed growth and the association between stimulant treatment and growth. METHODS Subjects included childhood ADHD cases (N = 340) and controls (N = 680) from a 197...

The feed additives are the essential compound of fish diet. use in animal’s diet is a vital role to rising growth and immunity aquatic animals. Feed substances which added trace amounts it also act as ingredients improver or preserve it. major preservatives, binders, feeding stimulants, food colorants etc. In favor growing aquaculture supportable fashion, must be correct amount. requirement dep...

Relevance. Potatoes occupy a dominant place in the Republic of Ingushetia, along with grain crops and feed production. And use growth stimulators makes it possible to regulate process development more targeted way, as well potentials potato varieties fully. Methods . The studies were carried out 2018–2020. on southern chernozems conditions peasant farm «Khashagulgov A.T.» (Yandare, Ingushetia)....

Protein and energy are the two major components of feed that influence performance of the growing and fattening lambs. Provision of the quality of protein in the lamb’s diet does not only improve the animal performance but also ensures profitable animal production. Different vegetable protein sources are used to formulate the rations for growing and fattening lambs. These protein sources differ...

To examine the alterations of intracellular Ca2' ([Ca2"]i)-handling mechanisms in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of rat aorta (Shin et al Circ Res 1991;69:551-556), we stimulated VSMCs by extracellular high K', caffeine, and angiotensin II and evaluated Ca2' influx through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release, and inositol trisphosphate-dependent Ca2+ releas...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To define, among a sample of college students, the nature and extent of nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NPS), including both overuse and use of someone else's drug, for attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); to characterize NPS among individuals not medically using a prescription stimulant for ADHD; and to determine whether NPS and overuse of a medically pre...