BACKGROUND The European chemicals' legislation REACH aims to protect man and the environment from substances of very high concern (SVHC). Chemicals like endocrine disruptors (EDs) may be subject to authorization. Identification of (potential) EDs with regard to the environment is limited because specific experimental assessments are not standard requirements under REACH. Evidence is based on a ...

Nandrolone, or 19-Nortestosterone, is one of the most widely used synthetic anabolic-androgenic steroids by athletes who need power and muscle strength. It is derived from testosterone, the main sex hormone produced in man. A small chemical modification makes nandrolone more anabolic than androgenic and accounts for its widespread misuse in sport. Testosterone has an anabolic:androgenic ratio o...

OBJECTIVE Although androgenic alopecia is recognised to be a symptom of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), it is not known whether polycystic ovaries (PCO) and associated endocrine abnormalities are present in patients who present with alopecia as a primary complaint. We therefore set out to determine the strength of the association between androgenic alopecia and PCO. We examined the prevalence...

BACKGROUND Shrimp in the genus Lysmata have a unique and rare sexual system referred to as protandric simultaneous hermaphroditism, whereby individuals mature first as male (male phase), and then the female function may also develop as the shrimp grow, so that the gonad is able to produce both eggs and sperms simultaneously, a condition called simultaneous hermaphroditism (euhermaphrodite phase...

Increasing attention is being directed at the role played by anti-androgenic chemicals in endocrine disruption of wildlife within the aquatic environment. The co-occurrence of multiple contaminants with anti-androgenic activity highlights a need for the predictive assessment of combined effects, but information about anti-androgen mixture effects on wildlife is lacking. This study evaluated the...

UNLABELLED Complete androgenic blockade used in the treatment of advanced prostatic carcinoma can be attained by administration of antiandrogens in orchidectomized patients or by combined therapy with LH-RH analogs and antiandrogens. The treatment, however, decreases the influence of both androgens end estrogens on bone tissue and may result in bone mass loss and increased propensity to fractur...

We evaluated and compared four in vitro assays to detect androgen agonists and antagonists in an international interlaboratory study. Laboratory 1 used a cell proliferation assay (assay 1) with human mammary carcinoma cells stably transfected with human androgen receptor. The other laboratories used reporter gene assays, two based on stably transfected human prostate carcinoma cells (assay 2) o...