This article scrutinizes the historical impact of Mongolian Horde on Russia’s foreign policy behavior. The author comes up with a hypothesis that relations were not only important for Russia during critical period its formation, but also largely determined unique foreign-policy culture and practical implementation Russian in subsequent periods. maintains key element this was peaceful integratio...

Governments may also use religious soft power in pursuit of national interests and objectives. This article focuses on the role of religious soft power in the foreign policy of three states – the United States of America, India and the Islamic Republic of Iran. The main concern is to assess religious actors’ contribution to the foreign policy environment and agenda in each country. The idea of ...

the eight year war between iran and iraq is a sensitive and critical period in iran's foreign policy; particularly towards the european community. accordingly and in spite of the fact that the foundations of the new regime in iran have not been consolidated a full scale war ,was imposed on iran, overshadowing all policies and plans including iran's foreign policy. this paper tries to ...

in recent decades, foreign policy of middle east countries has been deeply affected by increasing ethnic and religious identities. on the other hand, realist approach has still remained as dominant logic for analyzing of politics in this region. this article based on constructivist approach, analyses the impact of ethnic identity factor on foreign policy of middle east states and emphasizes on ...

While military power and economic sanctions played an important role in
 interstate relations during the Cold War, concept of soft power, which consists
 cultural, historical universal values that countries have in post-Cold War
 conjuncture, has begun to replace hard powers. In last quarter 20th
 century, armament ideological warfare bipolar system began lose
 its impo...

What explains variation in public opinion about foreign aid in donor countries? The conventional wisdom points to the importance of values related to the welfare state such as economic ideology. Scholars argue that liberals, who support redistribution at home, also support redistribution abroad in the form of foreign aid. Yet, the conditions under which individuals apply values learned in the d...