This paper begins to explore the determinants of the topological properties of the international-trade network (ITN). We fit bilateral-trade flows using a standard gravity equation to build a " residual " ITN where trade-link weights are depurated from geographical distance, size, border effects, trade agreements, and so on. We then compare the topological properties of the original and residua...

Internet commerce has brought forward a new spectrum of business practice. It radically changes the way we do business. These changes have been fairly impulsive and inevitable. Limitations caused by traditional commercial practices, such as barriers to reach the whole target market due to geographical distance,and high transaction costs due to engagement costs for attorney, agent and broker inv...

The paper tests for the backward linkage hypothesis of multinational firms in developing host economies. The empirical case is the Polish food industry expected to be a highly relevant European case as the largest magnet of ‘developing-oriented’ FDI over the last decade. Combining the case study, descriptive and econometric evidence suggests that backward linkage creation has failed in terms of...

two oriental and western symbols are recorded in the memory of the world. kamal al-din behzad (1460-1535.a.d./ 865-942 a.h.) is the painter of iran's golden era and leonardo da vinci (1452-1519.a.d./ 857-925 a.h.) is the verstile artist of italian renaissance. the life stories of these two artists are more or les similar. during childhood, both experienced a hard time and during youth and adult...

As tourism is becoming one of the most important sources of economic growth at the local level, it is crucial to identify and assess the relevant determinants of tourism flows. This paper investigates this issue by carrying out an econometric analysis of tourism flows for the 107 Italian provinces based on the origin-destination (OD) spatial interaction models, which fully account for the spati...

This cross-cultural study of international tourist flows (ITF) within China reinforces the literature in two respects. First, a factual ‘cultural distance’ variable, formed from cultural constructs, has been used to underpin the comparative framework in addition to commonly applied cultural proxies. This was enhanced by the use of the discrete choice approach by which the operational challenges...

In this paper, a new approach to range-free localization in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is proposed using nonlinear mapping, and the kernel function is introduced. The localization problem in the WSN is formulated as a kernelized regression problem, which is solved by support vector regression (SVR) and multi-dimensional support vector regression (MSVR). The proposed methods are simple and ...