generally workmanlike, the translation of technical terms, and the presentation of classical names in particular, is rather less satisfactory, and the text thus contains a number of errors and infelicities which could easily have been avoided. These points aside, this publication still has a lot to offer Anglophone readers. The original enterprise, as its editor, Mirko Grmek, explained in his i...

Two European populations are believed to be related to the ancient Germanic tribe Cimbri: one living in Northern Italy, the other living in Jutland, Denmark. The people called Cimbri are documented in the ancient Roman historical record. Arriving from the far north their movements can be tracked from successive battles with the Romans. The Cimbri finally entered Italy from the northeast and wer...

The word tradition has a very specific meaning in linguistics: the passing down of a text, which may have been completed or corrected by different copyists at different times, when the concept of authorship was not the same as it is today. When reading an ancient text the word tradition must be in the reader's mind. To discuss one of the problems an ancient text poses to its modern readers, thi...

in middle persian (pahlavi), like many other languages, one aspect of subjunctive verbs in the present tense and the past tense is used, but the evidence in the literature that is available only from some syghhhay. middle persian is bound by the obligation kmkarbrdtr of past and present verb root is apparently limited to some of the material or ben hung verbs and auxiliary verb hād made. howeve...

in middle persian (pahlavi), like many other languages, one aspect of subjunctive verbs in the present tense and the past tense is used, but the evidence in the literature that is available only from some syghhhay. middle persian is bound by the obligation kmkarbrdtr of past and present verb root is apparently limited to some of the material or ben hung verbs and auxiliary verb hād made. howeve...

Music technologies reflect the most advanced human in historical periods. Examples range from 40 thousand years old bone flutes found caves Swabian Jura, through ancient Greek water organs or medieval Arabic musical automata, to today’s electronic and digital instruments with deep learning. incorporate ideas of a time place they disseminate those when adopted by other cultures. This article exp...

A fuller account of the scientific experiments involving particle radiation and linen cloth that explains the medieval dating of the Shroud along with all the known chemical and molecular effects of the Shroud’s body image can be found on the proposal on my website www.resurrectionoftheshroud.com/Information/proposal11.html These scientific experiments along with numerous other scientific, medi...