—A realistic biomechanical model of the thumb would enhance our understanding of the functional consequences of orthopedic and neurological diseases, and of treatments. Our work has shown that a kinematic description with five orthogonal and intersecting axes of rotation cannot predict realistic thumbtip forces. An alternative kinematic description proposes five axes of rotation that need not b...

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation method to modulate the local field potential in neural tissue and consequently, cortical excitability. As tDCS is relatively portable, affordable, and accessible, the applications of tDCS to probe brain-behavior connections have rapidly increased in the last 10 years. One of the most promising applications is the...

OBJECTIVE To obtain anatomical data on intertubercular sulcus of humerus, evaluate the correlation between intertubercular sulcus and retroversion angle of humeral head, to guide the positioning of torsion angle of prosthesis during total shoulder arthroplasty and provide references for shoulder prosthesis design. METHODS Using a Siemens Ultrahigh speed 64- rows multi-slices spiral CT scanner...

OBJECTIVE Comparison of two methods for evaluation of anatomical parameters of elbow joints in Bernese Mountain Dogs. STUDY DESIGN Radiographic analysis. ANIMALS Nine hundred and thirty-one radiographs of elbow joints from 305 Bernese Mountain Dogs. MATERIAL AND METHODS The angles OL, PA, RA and UL were measured according to the Mues method and the Radius of the humeral condyle, Opening a...

One challenge for veterinarians, animal facilities and research scientists is the making of physiological estimates appropriate to a variety of species for which data are often either completely lacking or are incomplete. Our intent in compiling the data in this paper is to provide the best possible database of normal physiological and anatomical values primarily (though not exclusively) for fo...

This study explored the radiographic and anatomical differences in normal shoulders between men and women, as well as factors such as race, height, weight, and age. A total of 205 patients with documented normal anatomical radiographs comprised the study population. Five fellowship-trained orthopedic surgeon reviewers measured head diameter, humeral head size, head to tuberosity distance, great...

acquaintance with the different anatomical variations of the arterial supply of the gallbladder is of great importance in hepatobiliary surgical procedures. a rare variation of the hepatobiliary arterial system was found during anatomical dissection of a female iranian cadaver. two cystic arteries were present, the first arising directly from the right hepatic artery and the second from the gas...

introduction: position of the mental foramen is important both when administering regional anesthesia and performing surgery in the mandible. because of this anatomical structure's importance on one band, and the variations seen in its position in different ethnic groups, this study was designed to evaluate of the for a men's horizental position in panoramic radiographs of iranian patients take...

abstract non-:union: occurs when bone healing ceases and does not continue without some type of intervention. classification of non-:union: is traditionally based on the amount of callus or bone healing at the fracture site. successful treatment of non-:union: often depends on appropriate reduction and realignment of the fracture, bone grafting if necessary, and stabilization. this may not be p...

introduction central vein catheterization (cvc) is an important procedure for emergency departments (ed). despite the existence of ultrasonography (us) devices in every ed, cvc was accomplished by anatomical landmarks in many eds in iran. objective this study was designed for the evaluation of us-guided cvcs, anatomical landmark cvcs, and the promotion of us-guided cvc in iran. methods and mate...