The genus Grammosciadium is a member of the family Apiaceae and has four taxa namely G. daucoides, macrodon subsp. macrodon, nezaketiae cornutum distributed in Turkey. Because fruit anatomical characters are distinctly important for taxonomy Apiaceae, this study includes detailed anatomy fruits genus. Moreover, some measurements from given. Besides general them, evaluated by both qualitative su...

One of the most remarkable achievements of Pierre Schaeffer’s musical thought is his proposal of the sonorous object as the focus of research. The sonorous object is a fragment of sound, typically in the range of a few seconds (often even less), perceived as a unit. Sonorous objects are constituted, studied, and evaluated according to various criteria, and sonorous objects that are found suitab...

variations in arterial anatomy are less frequent, contrary to the venous system, and most of these variations affect visceral arteries. variations in the brachial artery are the most frequently reported and so far a minimum of six different patterns have been described. the most common of these patterns is the superficial brachial artery, which lies superficially to the median nerve. much less ...

Aetosauria is an early-diverging clade of pseudosuchians (crocodile-line archosaurs) that had a global distribution and high species diversity as a key component of various Late Triassic terrestrial faunas. It is one of only two Late Triassic clades of large herbivorous archosaurs, and thus served a critical ecological role. Nonetheless, aetosaur phylogenetic relationships are still poorly unde...

Background Epidendreae is one of the most diverse tribes among the orchids with remarkable variation in life form, floral morphology and pollination syndromes. Its circumscription was recently revised and subtribes Agrostophyllinae and Calypsoinae were transferred into this tribe. One of the principal floral characters utilized in classification of orchids is the incumbency or bending of the co...

Abstract The development of fossil sponge systematics is hindered by factors such as their low anatomical complexity and the preservation potential many characters used in definition extant clades. Here we describe Calliospongia chunchengia gen. et sp. nov., a new from Lower Cambrian Chengjiang biota, which possesses unique combination characters. skeleton C. similar to those leptomitid protomo...

In this study, 4 Salvia species found in the Aethiopis section distributed province of Mardin Southeast Turkey between years 2018-2021 were analyzed comparatively terms anatomy. Transverse sections taken from roots, stems, leaves, and petioles taxa examined under a light microscope. S. brachyantha ssp. brachyantha, montbretii, palaestina, syriaca anatomically. montbretii detail for first time a...

Premise Altingiaceae is a small family with bimodal Northern Hemisphere distribution in eastern North America and Asia, rich Cenozoic fossil record. The charcoalified infructescence Paleoaltingia gen. nov. from Turonian (Late Cretaceous) deposits of New Jersey, provides new evidence early reproductive structures has biogeographical implications understanding modern distribution. Methods Fossils...

In the family Cochliopidae, Heleobia Stimpson, 1865 is the most speciose genus in South America, with about 90 species (Hershler & Thompson 1992; Cazzaniga 2011). A recent molecular and morphological analysis performed in northern Chile (Atacama Desert) showed that the previously undescribed springsnails from Aguada de Chorrillos belong to Heleobia (Collado et al. 2013). In this study I formall...

The fruits contain tannins (2), volatile oil (6, 7), various organic acids (2), anthocyanins (6) and fixed oil (6). Either the whole fruit or only the pericarp is used as a condiment in Turkey and called “Sumak” (2, 9). The composition of the essential oils prepared from the fruit, leaves and branch barks of R. coriaria has been reported on the same Anatolian material (7). The anatomical charac...