PURPOSE Our purpose was to investigate the normal volumes of the human entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices on MR imaging studies using a customized program. METHODS We designed a protocol in which the volumes of the entorhinal, perirhinal, and temporopolar cortices were determined from coronal MR images using anatomic landmarks defined on the basis of cytoarchitectonic analyses ...

Ten patients were studied with computed tomography (CT) in an attempt to determine if CT could be used preoperatively to establish stereotaxic coordinates for an operation and to find out more about how postural changes affect the position of the brain. Certain well defined cerebral structures were chosen as anatomic landmarks, and their relation to the skull determined with the patient in the ...

STUDY DESIGN Three-dimensional moments were measured experimentally during maximum voluntary contractions of neck muscles in humans. OBJECTIVES To characterize the maximum moments with attention paid to subject size and gender, to calculate moments at different locations in the neck, and to quantify the relative magnitudes of extension, flexion, lateral bending, and axial rotation moments. ...

Access to the central circulation can be difficult in small infants, particularly when normal anatomic landmarks have been altered. We describe a new technique that utilizes any existing central catheter to establish additional sites of vascular access. A 4 Fr end hole catheter is advanced under fluoroscopic guidance to the desired site of new vascular access. A 10-mm Amplatz snare catheter is ...

Introduction: Investigators have drawn nasolabial angle using different soft tissue landmarks. This has created confusion among the orthodontic students and clinicians regarding its construction. Objective: To evaluate two commonly used methods of constructing the nasolabial angle in order to establish a single reproducible method. Materials & Method: Lateral cephalograms of 120 patients underg...

BACKGROUND The use of hands-on defibrillation (HOD) to reduce interruption of chest compression after cardiac arrest has been suggested as a means of improving resuscitation outcomes. The potential dangers of this strategy in regard to exposing rescuers to electrical energy are still being debated. This study seeks to determine the plausible worst-case energy-transfer scenario that rescuers mig...

Evaluation of swallowing has been made possible by cine-Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with high time resolution. However, the spatial resolution in cine-MR imaging remains inadequate for the detection of anatomical structures. Therefore, it is necessary to refer to static MR images in conjunction with cine-MR imaging. The aim of this study was to determine which MR parameters were appropriate...

PURPOSE To map the vascular anatomy of the obturator foramen using fixed anatomic landmarks. METHOD Twenty obturator regions were dissected in 10 fresh female cadavers after vascular blue dye injection in five cadavers (50%). Furthermore, 104 obturator regions were reconstructed by angiotomodensitometry from 52 women under investigation for suspected arterial disease. The anatomy of the obtur...

BACKGROUND Computer navigation systems generally establish the rotational alignment axis of the femoral component on the basis of user-defined anatomic landmarks. However, navigation systems can also record knee kinematics and average alignment axes established with multiple techniques. We hypothesized that establishing femoral rotational alignment with the use of kinematic techniques is more a...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The central sulcus is an important anatomic landmark, but most methods of identifying it rely on variable gyral and sulcal patterns. We describe and assess the accuracy of reduced gray-white contrast along the central sulcus, an observation we term the "white gray sign." MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of 51 fMRIs with a T1-weighted 3D inversio...