In spite of voluminous literature that has been written on defecation, the exact mechanism has not yet been fully cleared up. The current study investigated the effect of sigmoid colon (SC) distension on anal motile activity and of anal distension on SC motility. Sixteen healthy volunteers (age 36.2 +/- 11.6 SD years, 10 men) were studied. The SC was distended by a balloon in 10 ml increments o...

Anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is common among women and the cause of most anal malignancies. The incidence of anal cancer has been increasing among U.S. women, yet few cofactors for the natural history of anal HPV infection have been identified. We examined the hypothesis that plasma carotenoid, retinol, and tocopherol concentrations are associated with the acquisition and clearance...

PURPOSE The effects of the Parks' anal retractor on anal sphincter function were studied in a prospective, randomized trial. A closed hemorrhoidectomy was performed intra-anally in 20 patients using the Parks' anal retractor; in 20 other patients, the procedure was done perineally without the use of a retractor. METHODS Anal manometry was performed before and at 6 and 12 weeks after hemorrhoi...

Avoiding obstetrical injury to the anal sphincter is the single biggest factor in preventing anal incontinence among women. Any form of instrument delivery has consistently been noted to increase the risk of obstetric anal sphincter injury and altered fecal continence by between 2- and 7-fold. Routine episiotomy is not recommended. Episiotomy use should be restricted to situations where it dire...

OBJECTIVE Anal cytology is being increasingly used as part of anal cancer screening in patients at high risk for anal neoplasia. Most studies in anal cytology have focused on correlating the abnormal anal Pap smear with histopathologic outcomes. The aim of this study was to document histopathologic or repeat anal cytology outcomes in patients with unsatisfactory cytology. MATERIALS AND METHOD...

Background. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucosa. Anal mucosa may be involved in PV, but the frequency and clinical profile are not fully ascertained. Objective. The aim was to investigate the involvement of the anal area in newly diagnosed PV patients. Patients and Methods. A total of 168 consecutive newly diagnosed PV patients were enrolled. Anal ...

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is causally associated with anal cancer, as HPV DNA is detected in up to 90% of anal intraepithelial neoplasias and anal cancers. With the gradual increase of anal cancer rates, there is a growing need to establish reliable and clinically relevant methods to detect anal cancer precursors. In resource-limited settings, HPV DNA detection is a potentially relevant tool f...

to determine whether the medical treatment of anal fissure can be an effective alternative for surgery methods: retrospectively, we randomly selected 190 patients being treated for anal fissure between the years 2005-2010 in 3 equal groups: group a: patients who received medical treatment with topical nitroglycerin, group b: patient treated with topical diltiazem, and group c: patients underwen...

background: salivary gland tumors are relatively uncommon and they consist of 3-10% of head and neck neoplasms. most of studies have shown geographic variation in the incidence and histopathologic types of salivary gland neoplasms. the aim of this study was to evaluate the salivary gland tumors in isfahan for 10 years duration. materials and methods: in this epidemiological study, 229 medical r...