OBJECTIVES The objective of this multicentre study was to define the accuracy and reproducibility of the NCCLS disc diffusion method for Haemophilus influenzae against ampicillin and co-amoxiclav in Finnish clinical microbiology laboratories. Special attention was paid to the ability of the laboratories to detect beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) strains. METHODS Three BLNA...

Ampicillin concentrations in human serum and dental granulomas of 31 patients were determined after a single oral dose of talampicillin (equivalent to 500 mg of ampicillin) was administered to each. The specimens were taken at 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 h after the administration of talampicillin. The mean peak ampicillin concentrations in serum and dental granulomas occurred at identical time...

We studied the penetration of ampicillin-sulbactam in the alveolar lining fluid (ALF) of eight patients after intravenous administration of 2,000 mg of ampicillin and 1,000 mg of sulbactam three times daily over 30 min. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed on day 3, 30 min after the end of the morning drug administration. The mean penetration ratios (i.e., the ratios of the concentrations in AL...

BACKGROUND Haemophilus influenzae is commonly isolated from the airways of COPD patients. Antibiotic treatment may cause the emergence of resistant H. influenzae strains, particularly ampicillin-resistant strains, including β-lactamase-negative ampicillin resistance (BLNAR) strains. Genetic identification using ftsI sequencing is the optimum method for identifying mutations within BLNAR strains...

The susceptibility of 269 isolates of Haemophilus influenzae type b to cefatrizine (BL-S640), ampicillin, and chloramphenicol was evaluated by disk diffusion susceptibility tests, using a modified Bauer-Kirby method. Broth dilution susceptibility tests were performed on 88 of these isolates, including all isolates resistant by disk to cefatrizine or ampicillin. Six of the isolates were resistan...

The inhibitory activity of a semipure fraction from the plant, Acalypha wilkesiana assigned as 9EA-FC-B, alone and in combination with ampicillin, was studied against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In addition, effects of the combination treatment on PBP2a expression were investigated. Microdilution assay was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC). Sy...

The emergence of clinical enterococcal isolates resistant to both ampicillin and vancomycin is a cause of great concern, as there are few therapeutic alternatives for treatment of infections caused by such organisms. We evaluated the effects of the combination of ampicillin with vancomycin against vancomycin-resistant clinical enterococcal isolates. Using both the checkerboard technique and tim...

Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) with continuous infusion pumps is postulated as a very promising solution to treat complicated infections, such endocarditis or osteomyelitis, that require patients stay in hospital during extended periods of time, thus reducing their quality life and increasing the risk complications. However, stability studies drugs elastomeric devices are sc...

The absorption and excretion of equivalent doses of ampicillin, pivampicillin, and amoxycillin were compared in 10 healthy volunteers after administration of these antibiotics in a randomized triple crossover fashion. As recommended, ampicillin and amoxycillin were administered on an empty stomach, whereas pivampicillin was given with breakfast. The mean half-life times were nearly identical fo...

Patients with uncomplicated gonorrhoea were treated with a single dose of either ampicillin 3 g orally or procaine penicillin 2.4 MIU by injection, both with probenecid 1 g orally. The proportion of faecal Escherichia coli resistant to ampicillin before and a week after treatment was assessed. Of 55 patients treated with ampicillin who initially possessed sensitive flora, 25 (45.5%) became colo...