The research was on the sludge start-up of SH-A process for mature landfill leachate treatment, SH-A is the combined SHARON (Single Reactor High Activity Ammonia Removal Over Nitrite) ANAMMOX(Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation). The seed sludge was from Yangeryu Landfill of Anshan, Liaoning province of China. The landfill leachate was used to cultivate the sludge. The results showed that the start-up...

Single-electron transmetalation is recognized as an enabling technology for the mild transfer of alkyl groups to transition metal catalysts in cross-coupling reactions. Hypercoordinate silicates represent a new and improved class of radical precursors because of their low oxidation potentials and the innocuous byproducts generated upon oxidation. Herein, we report the cross-coupling of secondar...

Benzothiazole derivatives are widely used as industrial chemicals in the leather and wood industries, as bio-corrosion inhibitors in cooling systems, ingredients in anti-freezing agents for automobiles, and mainly as vulcanisation accelerators in rubber production. Correspondingly, these xenobiotic compounds are widely distributed in the environment and they have been detected in industrial was...

Aerobic ammonia oxidation is the process that converts ammonium to nitrate and thus links the regeneration of organic nitrogen to fixed nitrogen loss by denitrification. It is performed by a phylogenetically restricted group of Proteobacteria (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, AOB) that are autotrophic and obligately aerobic. This chapter describes methods for the measurement of ammonia oxidation in ...

Spectrophotometric measurements of the Fricke–gelatin–xylenol orange (FGX) gel dosimeter demonstrated reproducible linear dose response up to 25Gy. However, oxidation processes continue post-irradiation, affecting the response of this dosimetry system. Additional oxygenation during preparation increases the sensitivity of the gel but does not improve the auto-oxidation stability of the dosimete...

Carbonylruthenium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin Ru(TPFPP)(CO) was utilized for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols. The in situ activation of the catalyst with mCPBA provided a species capable of catalyzing the oxidation of alcohols with molecular oxygen. The choice of solvent and additive was crucial to obtaining high activity and selectivity. Secondary aromatic alcohols were oxidized in ...

Ammonium oxidation by autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) is a key process in agricultural and natural ecosystems and has a large global impact. In the past, the ecology and physiology of AOB were not well understood because these organisms are notoriously difficult to culture. Recent applications of molecular techniques have advanced our knowledge of AOB, but the necessity of using PC...

Titanium dioxide-based photocatalysts have been used to perform the photo-oxidation of ammonium/ammonia molecular nitrogen. Different light sources were employed, i.e., UV, LED visible and natural sunlight, their performance was compared in order understand which setup most efficient. It found that under selected conditions, lamp, combination with silver-promoted TiO2, able push conversion ammo...

Ammonium removal from wastewater is a crucial step in treatment. Presently employed technologies based on nitrification/denitrification and partial nitritation/anammox principles require oxygen for the nitrification step, are therefore still not yet fully satisfied with application practice. In recent years, biological ammonium oxidation coupled ferric iron reduction (feammox) has been proposed...