The structures of the ammonium salts of phen-oxy-acetic acid, NH4 (+)·C8H6O3 (-), (I), (4-fluoro-phen-oxy)acetic acid, NH4 (+)·C8H5FO3 (-), (II), and the herbicidally active (4-chloro-2-methyl-phen-oxy)acetic acid (MCPA), NH4 (+)·C9H8ClO3 (-)·0.5H2O, (III) have been determined. All have two-dimensional layered structures based on inter-species ammonium N-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding associations, which...

Nitric oxide is an important molecule in all domains of life with significant biological functions in both pro- and eukaryotes. Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria that contribute substantially to the release of fixed nitrogen into the atmosphere use the oxidizing power of NO to activate inert ammonium into hydrazine (N2H4). Here, we describe an enzyme from the anammox bacterium Kue...

We report the palladium-catalyzed coupling of aryl halides with ammonia and gaseous amines as their ammonium salts. The coupling of aryl chlorides and ortho-substituted aryl bromides with ammonium sulfate forms anilines with higher selectivity for the primary arylamine over the diarylamine than couplings with ammonia in dioxane. The resting state for the reactions of aryl chlorides is different...

The study of the metabolism of Azotobacter has been generally approached from the standpoint of the r6le of this organism in the nitrogen cycle in Nature, but the fact that the ability to fix free nitrogen is regulated by the presence or absence of combined nitrogen in the medium has not been given serious attention although it is made plain in the works to be cited. Bejierink and Van Delden (1...

An amylolytic strain was collected from rotten potato and its activity evaluated. The isolated strain was cultivated for amylase production in shake flasks at 35±2C and the fermentation pattern was studied. Optimum temperature for maximum enzyme synthesis was observed at 35°C, when initial pH of fermentation medium was adjusted to 5.5. Maximum extracellular amylase activity of 7.9 U/mL and the ...

Quaternary ammonium salts (QAS), both linear and bicyclic, are often utilized to improve the mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of peptides by fixing a permanent positive charge on the analyzed molecule. However, during collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments, QAS undergo unwanted side reactions-Hofmann elimination as well as a tertiary amine loss- rendering the data interpretation compli...

Over the past several decades, human activities have caused substantial enrichment of reactive nitrogen in China's coastal wetlands. Although anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), the process of oxidizing ammonium into dinitrogen gas through the reduction of nitrite, is identified as an important process for removing reactive nitrogen, little is known about the dynamics of anammox and its con...

Two freshwater bacteria, a Pseudomonas sp. and a Spirillum sp., were grown in continuous culture under steady-state conditions in L-lactate-, succinate-, ammonium- or phosphate-limited media. In Pseudomonas sp., NAD-independent and NAD-dependent L-lactate dehydrogenases, aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities increased up to 10-fold as the dilution ...

The views that catabolism of protein leads to net production of acid and that urinary excretion of ammonium ion represents an equimolar excretion of proton are not compatible with basic chemical relationships (Atkinson, D. E., and Camien, M, N. (1982) Curr. Top. Cell. Regul. 21, 261-302). Metabolism of protein produces significant amounts of base (bicarbonate), which is disposed of in the synth...