In order to study GH cell differentiation, we used the clonal cell lines called MtT/E and MtT/S cells, which were derived from a rat mammotrophic pituitary tumor. Although MtT/E cells are non-hormone-producing ones, Pit-1 protein is present in their nuclei, which suggests that MtT/E cells are progenitor cells of the Pit-1 cell lineage and have the potential to differentiate into hormone-produci...

Growth hormone (GH) resistance may develop as a consequence of inflammation during conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the specific role of the GH-insulin growth factor (IGF)-1-axis and/or the functional consequences of GH resistance in this condition are unclear. In situ hybridization targeting the GH receptor (GHR) and relevant transcr...

Elevated GH levels are frequently seen in poorly controlled type I diabetics and have been implicated in diabetic complications. Studies of GH and GH antagonist (GHA) transgenic mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes have revealed that GH has a permissive effect for diabetic nephropathy, and that expression of a GHA gene protected mice against diabetic kidney lesions. To investigate wh...

It is well known that peripherally administered growth hormone (GH) results in decreased body fat mass. However, GH-deficient patients increase their food intake when substituted with GH, suggesting that GH also has an appetite stimulating effect. Transgenic mice with an overexpression of bovine GH in the central nervous system (CNS) were created to investigate the role of GH in CNS. This study...

Two of 7 patients with acromegaly and one of 7 normal subjects exhibited a paradoxical rise in growth hormone (GH) to human corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) when pretreated with metoclopramide, although CRH alone did not induce an increase in GH. In one of these two patients with acromegaly, the GH increase to metoclopramide alone also reached the criteria of a paradoxical response. These ...

Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) are the most important regulators of growth, regeneration metabolism. The influence GH IGF-1 on pediatric liver transplant outcomes is mediated through body weight regulation, specific effects hepatocyte function immune system activity. In recent years, blood levels these factors life expectancy, both in healthy individuals recipients...

Growth hormone (GH) application is a new strategy in the treatment of heart failure. However, clinical and experimental investigations have shown contradictory effects of GH on cardiac performance. We tested the hypothesis that GH could improve cardiac and renal function in volume overload-induced heart failure. The effect of 4 weeks of GH treatment (2 mg/kg daily) was investigated in Wistar ra...

Liver production of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a major point of control in the growth hormone (GH)/IGF axis, the endocrine system regulating body growth in fishes and other vertebrates. Pituitary GH stimulates hepatocyte production of IGF-I; however, in catabolic states, hepatocyte GH resistance results in decreases in liver IGF-I production. To investigate endocrine mechanisms lea...

Background/aims: Orexins (OXs) are a newly described family of hypothalamic neuropeptides. Based on the distribution of OX neurons and their receptors in the brain, it has been postulated that they could play a role in the regulation of neuroendocrine function. GH secretion is markedly influenced by nutritional status and body weight. To investigate the role OX-A plays in the neuroregulation of...

We describe the use of four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the rabbit liver growth hormone (GH) receptor and one raised against purified rat liver GH receptor to characterize liver receptor subtypes which differ in their hormone-binding regions. The anti-(rat liver GH receptor) MAb both inhibited and precipitated rat and rabbit GH receptors, but only one-half of 125I-oGH (ovine GH) binding to ...