BACKGROUND The purpose of this paper is to report the results of using combined treatment of customized excimer laser-assisted photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and prophylactic corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) for residual refractive error in a group of patients who had previously undergone lamellar keratoplasty for keratoconus. METHODS The study included 14 eyes from 14 patients who had ...

Background: Uncorrected refractive error is one of the leading causes visual impairment and blindness world-over. The distribution pattern presentation variable depending on various factors. Regardless type, errors are easily correctable with spectacles if diagnosed early.
 Objective: objective this study was to evaluate among medical students at University Zambia - School Medicine.
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Purpose: Uncorrected visual acuity is the only variable measured in vision screening programs in many countries worldwide. The aim of this study was to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of the uncorrected visual acuity in the screening programs for the diagnosis of refractive errors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, of 4,157 students in the first year of primar...

Parallel rays of light striking the eye in the position of rest are refracted and brought to a focus on the 1 retina. An eye that exhibits this condition is said to be emmetropic (normal). Refractive error or ametropia is said to occur when light rays striking the eye at rest are refracted but, not focused on the retina. Anisometropia is said to occur if there is a 2 difference in the refractiv...

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shape crystalline lens in terms biometry and diopters before after cycloplegia using CASIA2 swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) system on anterior segment. Methods This a retrospective study. Children adolescents (26 males 29 females, aged 4–21 years) with simple ametropia were selected for optometry imaging at 2...

Authors are requested to select key words from the following list. You may use plurals and adjectives for combinations like absolute pupillary response, centrifugal optic nerve, inter blobs, etc. If key words are needed which do not appear in this list, please underline them. For animal classification the Latin nomenclature should be used. p-mechanism A-scan a-wave aberration absolute absorptio...

Hyperopia is a common refractive error, apparent in 25% of Europeans. Treatments include spectacles, contact lenses, laser interventions and surgery including implantable contact lenses and lens extraction. Laser treatment offers an expedient and reliable means of correcting ametropia. LASIK is well-established however SMILE (small-incision lenticule extraction) or lenticule implantation (deriv...

OBJECTIVE To measure monocular distance visual acuity, near visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and visual field extent in full-term, 10-year-old children tested according to the protocol used to test 10-year-old preterm children in the Cryotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Subjects were 106 healthy, full-term children, 9.8 to 10.9 years of age, who had no oc...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW To report on the accumulating peer-reviewed data of phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) implantation in the pediatric population. I evaluate and compare the published peer-reviewed articles for the reported efficacy and complications of phakic intraocular lens implantations in children for correction of clinically significant high refractive errors. RECENT FINDINGS Multiple studi...

OBJECTIVE Determining the profile of health for people working in an olefin plant. METHODS This was an observational, descriptive study carried out on 142 workers from technical-administrative, operator and maintenance areas. Each worker's employment and medical history was examined; they had a physical examination and laboratory, audiometric and visual tests. The degree of obesity was determ...