OBJECTIVE Current recommendations for the use of hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) in diabetes screening and diagnosis aim to identify those at greatest risk for diabetic microvascular complications. However, there is current controversy regarding the clinical implications of ethnic differences in HbA(1c) values. The objective of this study was to determine whether the association between HbA(1c) and ...

Background: Blacks' diminished return is defined as smaller protective effects of socioeconomic status (SES) on health of African Americans compared to Whites. AIM Using a nationally representative sample, the current study aimed to examine if the protective effect of income on chronic medical conditions (CMC) differs for African Americans compared to Whites. Methods: With a cross-sectional d...

The focus of the volume then shifts fully to the disease environments of the New World. Thorough and persuasive articles examine the previously unexplained ailment of dry belly ache, interpreted here as the result of lead poisoning; consider the effect of improved nutrition on a normally malnourished West Indian slave population; and Donald Cooper confirms that the susceptibility to cholera pre...

The restriction enzyme Ava II detects the base change of the intervening sequence II (IVS II) which is used as one of the markers of β-globin gene polymorphism. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of the Ava II site on the β-globin gene among normal people and patients with sickle cell syndrome (SCS) in Iran. DNA fragments containing the IVS II region of the β-globin gene from...

Abstract Introduction Although quality sleep is crucial for good health, well-being, and cognitive function, racial ethnic minority populations are at an increased risk of having shorter duration poorer in comparison to other groups. This study, which nationally representative, intends show differences population-level time. Population-level timing have significant public health ramifications b...

BACKGROUND The reasons blacks have higher mortality rates from colorectal cancer (CRC) than non-Hispanic whites are not fully understood. Blacks have higher rates of vitamin D deficiency than non-Hispanic whites, and vitamin D deficiency has been associated with CRC. The authors of this report investigated the association of vitamin D deficiency with excess risk for CRC mortality for blacks in ...