Polyether ionophores, monensin, and salinomycin are commonly used as antiparasitic drugs in broiler production and may be present in broiler litter (bird excreta plus bedding material). Long-term application of broiler litter to pastures may lead to ionophore contamination of surface waters. Because polyether ionophores break down at low pH, we hypothesized that decreasing litter pH with an aci...

Chromium (Cr) is the most important element used to leather industry is still considered to be the most important industries which pollute the environment by chromium metal. Removal of heavy metals dissolved at low concentrations in water and wastewaters is often a problem that can be solved in different ways. This paper describes a study conducted to determine the recovery of chromium from tan...

A major goal of gonococcal research is the development of a gonorrheal vaccine. A vaccine candidate is the major outer membrane protein (PI) of the gonococcus, which has limited antigenic variability. Two main subtypes, PIA and PIB, and nine main serotypes have been described. To avoid raising anti-protein III (PIII)-blocking antibodies and limit potential lipooligosaccharide toxicity, PI was c...

background: the refining process generates large volumes of wastewater containing a variety of chemical contaminants. the use of natural substitutes in treating wastewater which have fewer harmful effects is considered an effective step towards protecting the environment and sustaining the development of these industries. this study focused on the use of moringa oleifera and alum at the wastewa...

Indonesia is among the largest countries in global rice production. Annual generation of straw about 20 million tons were reported. It therefore, utilization as natural dye considered to minimize pollutant problem. Rice composed 48.7% carbon that generate black color. In this research, dyes ash applied cotton and rayon fabrics, followed by mordanting using lime, alum, ferrous sulphate. The colo...

Aluminum chloride hexahydrate concentration-dependently inhibits perspiration and is highly effective in palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis. The main effect is in the sealing of the sweat glands, the precipitation of aluminum-mucopolysaccharide-complexes and the damage to the epithelial cells in the excretory ducts of the eccrine sweat glands result in sealing of these ducts. Other aluminum salt...