Background: Cordyla pinnata (C. pinnata) is commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments. The aim of this study was to assess the toxic and safety potentials of the methanol extract of C. pinnata in rats.  Methods: The methanol extract of C. pinnata was administered to the rats orally once daily at a dose of 0, 150, 300 or 600 mg/kg, body weight for 21 days. The ...

acute renal damage mainly develops following toxic or ischemic insults and is defined as acute. these damages have largely been attributed to oxidative stress. recently much attention has been directed toward decreased renal tubular cell regeneration during tubular cell injury. antioxidants have recently been the focus of researchers and scientists for prevention and treatment of various oxidat...

Conventional treatment for cancer such as surgical resection and chemotherapy can cause damage in cases with advanced cancers. Moreover, the identification of tumor-specific targets has great importance in T-cell therapies. For decades, T cell activity has been stimulated to improve anti-tumor activity. Bispecific antibodies have attracted strong interest from pharmaceutical companies, for thei...

acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) is one of the most common cancers among children. although there have been tremendous treatments, none of them have led to a precise cure. the use of herbal medicines which are safe and non-toxic have been demonstrated in this study. curcumin is a polyphenol, hydrophobic product that is derived from turmeric plant. curcumin has anti-toxic, anti-bacterial, anti...

epilepsy is one of the common neurologic disorders in children. drug side-effects are one of the important problems in treating patients with epilepsy. using the antiepileptic medication may cause different side effects such as disorder in bone and vitamin d metabolism. sodium valproate is one of the antiepileptic medications used widely. some of its side effects include digestive disorder, inc...

objective: we used sodium nitroprusside (snp), a nitric oxide (no) releasing molecule, to understand its effect on viability and proliferation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bm-mscs). materials and methods: this experimental study evaluated the viability and morphology of mscs in the presence of snp (100 to 2000 µm) at 1, 5, and 15 hours. we chose the 100, 1000, and 2000 µm concentr...

Copper is a transition metal essential for cellular metabolism, which is involved in many biological processes as a cofactor of several enzymes. Although essential, it is also toxic. For this reason, organisms in all kingdoms have developed homeostatic systems for its control. This element becomes more toxic under the anaerobic and slightly acidic conditions of the gastrointestinal tract forcin...

Selenium, an element long known to be toxic to living organisms (1, 2), has only recently been implicated as an essential trace element for rats (3), chicks (4,5) and several other animals. The work of Franke (6), Horn et cd. (7), Painter (8, 9), and McConnell (10, 11) established that if toxic amounts of selenium were supplied in various chemical forms to a number of plants, animals, and micro...