Human heart Na+ channels were expressed transiently in both mammalian cells and Xenopus oocytes, and Na+ currents measured using 150 mM intracellular Na+. The kinetics of decaying outward Na+ current in response to 1-s depolarizations in the F1485Q mutant depends on the predominant cation in the extracellular solution, suggesting an effect on slow inactivation. The decay rate is lower for the a...

The ionic mechanism of the conductance activated by acetic acid was analyzed in isolated bullfrog taste cells under whole-cell voltage-clamp. Bath-application of acetic acid (pH 3.9-4.7) induced an inward current in about 80% of the taste cells. The current occurred in external 80 mmol l-1 Ba2+ and internal 100 mmol l-1 Cs+, which completely blocked the delayed outward K+ current. The concentra...

I[I. Place of co-transport with Na ÷ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489 A. Must the energy for Na+-dependent, uphill amino acid transport be channeled through alkali-metal gradients? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489 B. Attempts to eliminate experimentally the alkali-metal ion gradients without dissipating other forms of transport-related energy storag...

K(+) is a competitive inhibitor of the uptake of the other alkali metal cations by yeast. Rb(+) is a competitive inhibitor of K(+) uptake, but Li(+), Na(+), and Cs(+) act like H(+). At relatively low concentrations they behave as apparent noncompetitive inhibitors of K(+) transport, but the inhibition is incomplete. At higher concentrations they inhibit the remaining K(+) transport competitivel...

Alkali and alkaline earth metals hydrogen sulfate catalyzed the one-pot three component condensation reactions of aldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and urea or thiourea under solvent-free conditions leading to 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones in high yields at 80 °C. Our results showed that Biginelli reaction not only is pH dependent, but the cation of catalyst plays an importan...

Direct irradiation of atropisomeric α-substituted acrylanilides in the presence of alkali metal ions gave high ee values in the 3,4-dihydro-2-quinolin-2-one photoproduct, while in the absence of alkali metal ions, racemic photoproduct was observed. The heavy atom effect leading to enhanced triplet yields alters the reactive pathway leading to the observed enantioselectivity in the photoproduct.

The adsorption of CO(2) in Li-, Na-, and K-FER was investigated by a combination of volumetric adsorption experiments, FTIR spectroscopy, and density functional theory. Experimental isosteric heats of CO(2), Q(st), depend significantly on the cation size, cation concentration, and on the amount of adsorbed CO(2). The differences observed in experimentally determined isosteric heats were interpr...

We report the effect of alkali cation (Li+, Na+, and K+) on the oscillatory electro-oxidation of ethylene glycol in alkaline media. As experimentally verified, the nature of the alkali cation strongly impacts the waveform and frequency of the potential oscillations. The oscillation frequencies decrease in the order KOH > NaOH > LiOH, which also corresponds to the ascending order of the surface ...

Electrochemical properties of A(2)MnPO(4)F (A = Na/Li) were investigated both experimentally and with first principles calculations. A new Li(2)MnPO(4)F phase was successfully synthesized for the first time. A one alkali metal ion reaction occurred reversibly within a reasonable voltage window and a two alkali metal ion reaction took place at higher voltages.

Alkali metal doping is essential to achieve highly efficient energy conversion in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGSe) solar cells. Doping is normally achieved through solid state reactions, but recent observations of gas-phase alkali transport in the kesterite sulfide (Cu2ZnSnS4) system (re)open the way to a novel gas-phase doping strategy. However, the current understanding of gas-phase alkali transport is v...