BACKGROUND Successful dental implant treatment is directly related to osseointegration. In achieving osseointegration, the surface property of the implant is of great importance. Sandblasting is the most commonly used basic method for modifying the surface. Many companies use different sand particles for surface roughening and claim their sand is the best. This leads clinicians to mix their min...

We examine several issues related to peridotite partial melting by composition (Na2O decreases, CaO/Al2O3 increases) are similar to the effects of increasing total extent of melting of a fixed source performing thermodynamic calculations using the MELTS algorithm. composition, and the two phenomena may therefore be difficult to MELTS calculations suggest that the high alkali content of neardisc...

No. of 21 shale, limestone and gypsum samples belonging to the Palaeocene Sokoto Group and 19 sandstone, shale, lignite and gypsum samples from Maastrichtian age the Rima Group of the Sokoto Basin were collected from five traverses across hills and pits, and analyzed for major and trace elements using XRF and AAS analytical techniques. The SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of the Taloka Formation in the Rima Gr...

Transparent β-quartz s.s. glass-ceramics in Li2O–Al2O3–SiO2 system have an undesirable brown color owing to Fe ions as a contaminant, whereas the mother glass normally has a clear appearance. Elucidation of the coloration mechanism during crystallization is important for industry to develop highly transparent materials. In this study, the mother glass contained SiO2, Al2O3, and Li2O as its prin...

The effect of the point of zero charge (PZC) of the support oxide (Al2O3,Nb2O5, SiO2 and ZrO2) on the molecular structure of hydrated vanadium oxide specieshas been investigated with EXAFS spectroscopy for low-loaded vanadium oxidecatalysts. It was found that the degree of clustering (i.e., the V---V coordinationnumber) and the V---V distance increase with decreasing PZC of ...

In this study, different nanofluids with phase change behavior were developed by mixing a molten salt base fluid (selected as phase change material) with nanoparticles using the direct-synthesis method. The thermal properties of the nanofluids obtained were investigated. These nanofluids can be used in concentrating solar plants with a reduction of storage material if an improvement in the spec...

TiN and Ti2O3 are the predominant inclusion types in Ti-alloyed ferritic chromium stainless steels. In order to ensure the required steel cleanness level, an effective removal of such inclusions in the slag during secondary metallurgy is essential. This inclusion removal predominantly takes place via dissolution of the inclusion in the slag. The dissolution behavior of TiN and Ti2O3 in CaO-SiO2...

Microspectroscopic methods were explored to investigate binder effects occurring in ZSM-5-containing SiO2- and Al2O3-bound millimetre-sized extrudates. Using thiophene as a selective probe for Brønsted acidity, coupled with time-resolved in situ UV/Vis and confocal fluorescence microspectroscopy, variations in reactivity and selectivity between the two distinct binder types were established. It...

We present systematic scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)/atomic-force microscopic (AFM) investigations on nanoscopic defect production at atomically clean surfaces of SiO2, Al2O3 and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) after bombardment by slow (impact energy ≤ 1.2 keV) singly and multiply charged ions under strict ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions. Combined STM and AFM studies show tha...

We have investigated by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) single impacts of slow singly and multiply charged Ar ions on atomically clean insulator surfaces for LiF(1 0 0), SiO2(0 0 0 1) a-quartz, muscovite mica and sapphire c-plane Al2O3(0 0 0 1) crystals. The target samples have been continuously kept under UHV conditions by transferring them in a transportable UHV vault from the vacuum c...