It is difficult and challenging to design high-performance fuel additi®es in an industrial-design setting where data are sparse and noisy, and fundamental knowledge is often limited. An automated framework is presented for the design of such fuel-additi®e molecules that minimize the intake-®al®e deposit in the automobile. A hybrid model that combined functional descriptors from a first-principl...

In 1963, Lancet published a paper by Randle et al. that proposed a "glucose-fatty acid cycle" to describe fuel flux between and fuel selection by tissues. The original biochemical mechanism explained the inhibition of glucose oxidation by fatty acids. Since then, the principle has been confirmed by many investigators. At the same time, many new mechanisms controlling the utilization of glucose ...

The aim of this work is to apply the homotopy perturbation method and homotopy analysis method to the problem of thermal explosion in a flammable gas mixture with the addition of volatile fuel droplets. The system of equations that describes the effects of heating, evaporation, and combustion of fuel in a polydisperse spray is simplified. Both convective and radiative heating of droplets is tak...

Small impurities in the fuel can have a significant impact on the emissions control system performance over the lifetime of the vehicle. Of particular interest in recent studies has been the impact of sodium, potassium, and calcium that can be introduced either through fuel constituents, such as biodiesel, or as lubricant additives. In a collaboration between the National Renewable Energy Labor...

The new species is a member of an apparently monophyletic group within the genus that includes R. flexile, R. walga, R. himanturi, R. burgeri, R. euzeti, R. hawaiiensis, R. urobatidium, R. paratrygoni, R. ditesticulum, R. tetralobatum, R. margaritense, R. biorchidum, and R. spinicephalum. All of these species have bothridia with medial longitudinal septa, a constriction at mid-bothridium, and, ...

The demand for energy resources by various systems such as production and transportation, as well as for physical comfort continues to grow apace, intensifying global dependence on fossil fuels and their derivatives. For this reason, numerous private and public programs in several countries have established feasible alternatives for the substitution of petroleum derivatives (Sahin, 2011; Saint ́...

Motion is a common phenomenon in biological processes. Major advances have been made in designing various self-propelled micromachines that harvest different types of energies into mechanical movement to achieve biomedicine and biological applications. Inspired by fascinating self-organization motion of natural creatures, the swarming or assembly of synthetic micro/nanomachines (often referred ...

The adipose cell maintains a central role in the regulation of lipid metabolism (Galton, 1971). It contains the largest store of triglyceride and cholesterol in the body; it is the only source of plasma fatty acids, a major oxidative fuel, particularly in the fasting state, and it is the major site of clearance of chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in the fed state. The import...

A compact spectrometer for measurements of the primary deuterium-tritium neutron spectrum has been designed and implemented on the OMEGA laser facility [T. Boehly et al., Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)]. This instrument uses the recoil spectrometry technique, where neutrons produced in an implosion elastically scatter protons in a plastic foil, which are subsequently detected by a proton spectrom...

A simple model is developed that determines the temperature distribution through a unit fuel cell with straight flow channels, in steady state operation. Using the large aspect ratio of the typical fuel cell geometry, the thermal model approximately decouples cross-plane thermal transport at each channel location. Using the fact that in-plane thermal conductivities are much larger than through-...