نتایج جستجو برای: agricultural trade model
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* We acknowledge helpful suggestions from a referee in preparing this article. Summary As with most agricultural products in world trade, trade in meat products is restricted by a variety of non-tariff barriers in different countries. In the case of New Zealand meat products there are quota restrictions in the USA, Canada, and EU markets and hygiene regulations of varying standards in most mark...
Global freshwater resources are under increasing pressure from economic development, population growth, and climate change. The international trade of water-intensive products (e.g., agricultural commodities) or virtual water trade has been suggested as a way to save water globally. We focus on the virtual water trade network associated with international food trade built with annual trade data...
Agricultural activity, agricultural politics, and agricultural policy are interrelated. In this article, I discuss some of the linkages in the context of France’s Fifth Republic. I demonstrate that the geographic relationship inside France between agricultural product mix and voting behavior helps to explain French governmental conduct during three major episodes of international agricultural p...
Strategic trade theory shows that government intervention in markets with small numbers of traders can boost the welfare of a country relative to free trade. This survey critically assesses the empirical evidence regarding this possibility. One finding is that while many international food and agricultural markets are characterized by oligopoly, price-cost markups tend to be small, and the pote...
The purpose of this article is to study the factor content of trade in Iran. To improve the trade affair, Iran needs a suitable model for production, export and import of required goods. Factor content of trade detects and amplifies it to pay. In this paper using (HOV) model and input-output (IO) we evaluate factor content of trade in different sectors in 1991-2001. The results show that Factor...
[1] Global food security increasingly relies on the trade of food commodities. Freshwater resources are essential to agricultural production and are thus embodied in the trade of food commodities, referred to as ‘‘virtual water trade.’’ Agricultural production predominantly relies on rainwater (i.e., ‘‘green water’’), though irrigation (i.e., ‘‘blue water’’) does play an important role. These d...
on one hand, Iran due to the low annual rainfall and lack of appropriate spatial and temporal distribution in precipitation is considered as an arid and semi-arid country experiencing stress and water scarcity; on the other hand, 90% of annual water consumption has been allocated to agriculture sector in Iran and efficiency and productivity of water consumption do not enjoy favorable status in ...
Since late 2006, biofuel policies have caused high grain/oilseed prices by creating a link between crop and biofuel policies. The value of agricultural trade has increased sharply, mostly because of high prices, not increased trade volume. Biofuel policies have little to do with the agenda of the Doha trade negotiations but have had indirect effects in that production subsidies and import barri...
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