BACKGROUND Older drivers experience elevated risk of motor vehicle crash involvement, injury, and death. Several states attempt to address these risks through driver license renewal policies; however, little is known about their effects. METHODS Data from 46 U.S. states from years 1986-2011 were examined. Associations between driver licensing policies and population-based fatal crash involvem...

While the field of acute kidney injury (AKI) research has undergone exponential growth over the past 15 years, the topic of renal recovery has only recently garnered much attention. Both lack of standardized renal recovery definitions and lack of systematic assessment of AKI survivors for chronic kidney disease development pose barriers to the complete understanding of the renal recovery epidem...

Objective(s): To investigate the role of autophagy in advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced proliferation and migration in rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).Materials and Methods: After culture, VSMCs were treated with 0, 1, 10, and 100 μg/ml concentrations of AGEs. Autophagy specific protein light chain 3 (LC3)-I/II was determined by western blotting, autophagosomes were observ...

Long-term treatment with timolol in patients ages 65-75 years who survived myocardial infarction was related to a significant reduction, compared with placebo, in overall mortality (p < 0.05), total cardiac death (p < 0.01), sudden death (p < 0.05) and reinfarction (p < 0.01). The analyses were based on 732 patients (384 taking placebo and 348 timolol) from a cohort of 1884 patients in the Norw...

purpose: to report a case of butterfly-shaped macular dystrophy. patient and findings: a 34-year-old woman presented with metamorphopsia in both eyes from 2 years ago. visual acuity was 9/10 in right eye and 10/10 in left eye. there was no pathologic finding on slit lamp biomicroscopy and funduscopy other than mild macular retinal pigment epithelium mottling. visual fields and electroretinogram...

We report the results of an experimental comparison of airplane boarding methods. This test was conducted in a mock Boeing 757 fuselage, located on a Southern California soundstage, with 12 rows of six seats and a single aisle. Five methods were tested using 72 passengers of various ages. We found a significant reduction in the boarding times of optimized methods over traditional methods. These...

background: this paper examined the political and social implications of the compendium de epidemia prescription written by the masters of the faculty of medicine of the university of paris in the mid-14th century during the black death. this study aimed to examine how the effects of power as a discourse owned by medical knowledge are revealed. methods: this paper outlines the composition of th...

The photosynthetic enzyme ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase [EC 4.1.1.39] (RuBPCase) plays a key role in the carbon reduction system of plants. In this study, we determined the kinetic variability of RuBPCase among 46 varieties of Hordeum vulgare L. at two ages. The V(max) CO(2) and K(m) CO(2) of RuBPCase was determined for each cultivar. Varietal differences were found in K(m) CO(2) ...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of helmet wearing and the New Zealand helmet wearing law on serious head injury for cyclists involved in on-road motor vehicle and non-motor vehicle crashes. The study population consisted of three age groups of cyclists (primary school children (ages 5-12 years), secondary school children (ages 13-18 years), and adults (19+ years)) admitted t...