The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the flow rate, spray pattern, and droplet spectra characteristics of an actively controlled variable-orifice nozzle at constant carrier pressures. A commercially available variable-orifice nozzle (VariTarget) was modified to allow for direct electromechanical control of the metering stem. The modified system was tested at five carrier pressu...

This study was designed to determine if the present USDAARS spray-nozzle models, which were based on spray solutions of water plus non-ionic surfactant, could be used to estimate spray droplet-size data for different spray formulations through use of experimentally determined correction factors. Twelve spray-solution treatments were evaluated, ten of which contained a formulated glyphosate prod...

An investigation is made into the effects of water jet pressure, nozzle diameter, traverse speed of the nozzle over the rock surface and the number of times the jet passes over the same area on the penetration of a water jet into Indiana limestone. The effectiveness of the cut is judged on the depth of cut established and the specific energy of rock removal. Pressure is varied in the range from...

Static electromagnetic braking (EMBr) fields affect greatly the turbulent flow pattern in steel continuous casting, which leads to potential benefits such as decreasing flow instability, surface defects, and inclusion entrapment if applied correctly. To gain a fundamental understanding of how EMBr affects transient turbulent flow, the current work applies large eddy simulations (LES) to investi...

Important nuclear maintenance tasks, such as the steam generator nozzle dam placement, could be most effectively done by robotic systems. However, restricted teleoperator visibility and lack of absolute accuracy make such tasks very difficult to perform using conventional robotic control technology. In this paper, successful nozzle dam placement is achieved through a 3-D virtual viewing system ...

The efficiency and emissions of internal combustion (IC) engines are closely tied to the formation of the combustible air-fuel mixture. Direct-injection engines have become more common due to their increased practical flexibility and efficiency, and sprays dominate mixture formation in these engines. Spray formation, or rather the transition from a cylindrical liquid jet to a field of isolated ...

In this study, a non-contact type intraocular pressure (IOP) measuring system using reflected pneumatic pressure is proposed to overcome the disadvantages of existing measurement systems. A ring-type nozzle, a key component in the proposed system, is designed via computational fluid analysis. It predicts the reflected pneumatic pressure based on the nozzle exit angle and inner and outer diamete...

Introduction T HE propulsion system of a short takeoff and vertical landing aircraft, such as the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, must operate over a wide range of conditions, provide good fuel efficiency at cruise, and deliver high thrust in augmented mode for transonic acceleration and supersonic operation. The propulsion system must be efficient for both high-speed flight and during hover, while ...

Design Andrew Gelsey and Don Smith ([email protected], [email protected]) Computer Science Department Rutgers University New Brunswick, NJ 08903 Computing in Aerospace 10, San Antonio, TX, March 1995 AIAA-95-1016-CP Copyright c 1995 by Andrew Gelsey and Don Smith. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. with permission. Abstract The Nozzle Design Associ...

Performance and emission characteristics of compression ignition engines depend strongly on inner nozzle flow and spray behavior. These processes control the fuel air mixing, which in turn is critical for the combustion process. The differences in the physical properties of petrodiesel and biodiesel are expected to significantly alter the inner nozzle flow and spray structure and, thus, the per...