This study investigated the bioreactor performance, production of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), and microbial activity a granulated sequencing batch reactor (SBR) by increasing graphene oxide nanoparticle (GO NP) concentration stepwise. The GO NPs reduced removal chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia, phosphorus, whereas nitrite nitrate contents effluent were kept stable during exper...

There is an ongoing debate regarding the efficacy of glycaemic control in critically ill patients. Here we briefly highlight the key function of elevated glucose in critically ill patients, namely, to enable elevation of aerobic glycolysis in rapidly dividing cells. In particular, aerobic glycolysis provides metabolic intermediates necessary for expansion of biomass in immune cells and promotio...

Aerobic ammonia oxidation is the process that converts ammonium to nitrate and thus links the regeneration of organic nitrogen to fixed nitrogen loss by denitrification. It is performed by a phylogenetically restricted group of Proteobacteria (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, AOB) that are autotrophic and obligately aerobic. This chapter describes methods for the measurement of ammonia oxidation in ...

Introduction Aerobic catalytic oxidation is much more environmentally friendly than oxidation using stoichiometric oxidants. The Pd(OAc)2/pyridine system is active for the catalytic oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to aldehydes and ketones, which are valuable for fine chemicals synthesis. Pyridine stabilizes the monomeric Pd complex and promotes its aerobic reoxidation to Pd prior to...

nitrification rate of biofilters is influenced by ammonia concentration and levels of ammonia vary in response to feeding time. on the other hand, existence and activity of different groups of bacteria can be expected in the biofilters. hence in this research, nitrification dynamic of biofilters during day hours and also rules of different biofilteration process (nitrification, denitrification ...

L-malate is an important intermediate on the process of metabolism; it plays an important role in generating mitochondria ATP both under aerobic and hypoxic condition. It is easy to be absorbed and come into mitochondrion through cell membrane and promote to produce energy in mitochondrion. The purpose of this investigation is to probe into the different influence malate ingestion on blood lact...

Batch experiment was carried out in a simulated thermophilic aerobic digester to investigate the digestion process of one-stage autothermal thermophilic aerobic digester and to explore the sludge stabilization mechanism. Volatile solids removal was 38.4% at 408 h and 45.0% at 552 h. Chemical oxidation demand, total nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen in supernatant increased rapidly up to 168 h, and...

Aerobic granular sludge is an interesting alternative to the conventional activated (CAS) system and modified-Ludzack–Ettinger (MLE) process for biological wastewater treatment, as it allows a more cost-effective simultaneous removal of carbon (C) nitrogen (N) compounds in single stage. In this study, (micro)aerobic C N from synthetic urban was investigated continuous-double-column-upflow aerob...

Oil palm biomass, which includes fronds of oil leaves, fiber and kernel shells, empty fruit bunches, liquid waste from palm, other mill wastes, can pose significant environmental hazards. Solid have the highest potential for composting. As a result, goal this study is to determine composting features aerobic-anaerobic systems in bunkers. The research was conducted at PT Eastern Sumatra Indonesi...