Adiabatic radio frequency (RF) pulses are in widespread use in biomedical magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. The primary advantage of adiabatic pulses is that provided the condition for adiabaticity is satisfied they can be made insensitive to inhomogeneities in the RF field. In this pedagogical article the principles of adiabatic fast passage (AFP) are explained, and the use of AFP t...

Accurate control of a quantum system is a fundamental requirement in many areas of modern science ranging from quantum information processing to high-precision measurements. A significantly important goal in quantum control is preparing a desired state as fast as possible, with sufficiently high fidelity allowed by available resources and experimental constraints. Stimulated Raman adiabatic pas...

In the Graph Isomorphism (GI) problem two N -vertex graphs G and G′ are given and the task is to determine whether there exists a permutation of the vertices of G that preserves adjacency and transforms G → G′. If yes, then G and G′ are said to be isomorphic; otherwise they are non-isomorphic. The GI problem is an important problem in computer science and is thought to be of comparable difficul...

The renormalization of electronic eigenenergies due to electron-phonon coupling (temperature dependence and zero-point motion effect) is sizable in many materials with light atoms. This effect, often neglected in ab initio calculations, can be computed using the perturbation-based Allen-Heine-Cardona theory in the adiabatic or non-adiabatic harmonic approximation. After a short description of t...

Starting with a reminder of what is strongly coupled Quark-Gluon Plasma (sQGP), we proceed to recent advances in jet quenching and heavy quark diffusion, with a brief summary of various results based on AdS/CFT correspondence. The conical flow is a hydrodynamical phenomenon created by energy and entropy deposited by high energy jets propagating in matter, similar in nature to well known sonic b...

We introduce the first integrated active quenching circuit (I-AQC) that drives an avalanche photodiode (APD) above its breakdown voltage, in order to detect single photons. Based on the I-AQC, we developed a compact and versatile photon-counting module suitable for applications in which very weak optical signals have to be detected, as for instance, photon correlation spectroscopy, luminescence...

1. Introduction. It was proved in [S1] and [S2] that each Turaev–Viro invariant T V (M) q for a 3-manifold M is a sum of three invariants T V 0 (M) q , T V 1 (M) q , and T V 2 (M) q (for definition of the Turaev–Viro invariants see [TV]). It follows from the Turaev–Walker theorem (see [T1], [W]) that, up to normalization, T V 0 (M) q coincides with the square of the modulus of the so–called SO(...

This paper wishes to foster communication between mathematicians and physicists working in mirror symmetry and orbifold Gromov-Witten theory. We provide a reader friendly review of the physics computation in [ABK06] that predicts Gromov-Witten invariants of [C/Z3] in arbitrary genus, and of the mathematical framework for expressing these invariants as Hodge integrals. Using geometric properties...

The long-time behaviour of the Störmer–Verlet–leapfrog method is studied when this method is applied to highly oscillatory Hamiltonian systems with a slowly varying, solution-dependent high frequency. Using the technique of modulated Fourier expansions with state-dependent frequencies, which is newly developed here, the following results are proved: The considered Hamiltonian systems have the a...

Let p be a prime number and k a finite extension of Q. It is conjectured that Iwasawa invariants λp(k) and μp(k) vanish for all p and totally real number fields k. Using cyclotomic units and Gauss sums, we give an effective method for computing the other Iwasawa invariants νp(k) of certain real abelian fields. As numerical examples, we compute Iwasawa invariants associated to k = Q( √ f, ζp + ζ...