Understanding the genetic background of complex diseases requires expansion studies beyond univariate associations. Therefore, it is important to use interaction assessments risk factors in order discover whether, and how variants act together on disease development. The principle analysis explore magnitude combined effect causation. In this study, we simulations investigate different scenarios...

Tetraspanin-18 (TSPAN18) potentially plays a role in the calcium signaling that is associated with dopamine-induced cortical neuron apoptosis and is considered to be an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (SCZ). Furthermore, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified TSPAN18 as a possible susceptibility gene for SCZ. To validate these findings and reveal the effects ...

Bayesian hierarchical models have been used for smoothing splines, thin-plate splines, and L-splines. In analyzing high dimensional data sets, additive models and backfitting methods are often used. A full Bayesian analysis for such models may include a large number of random effects, many of which are not intuitive, so researchers typically use noninformative improper or nearly improper priors...

This study determined the gene effects involved in inheritance of pod length and other yield-related traits relationships among crosses between two cowpea lines (TVu 2280 TVu 2027) a yard-long bean 6642) line with long pods. Plants six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1, BC1P2) derived from × 6642 2027 were evaluated under field conditions. Data collected on 14 yield components each cross used ...

We propose a comprehensive framework for flexible additive regression models for correlated functional responses, allowing for multiple partially nested or crossed functional random effects with spatial, temporal, or longitudinal correlation structures. Additionally, our framework includes linear effects of functional covariates and linear or smooth effects of scalar covariates that can vary sm...

As a result of two crosses among three local varieties wheat, five populations (P1, P2, F5, F6 and F7) were used as parents grown during successive seasons; 2016/2017 2017/2018. To estimate types gene action (e.g., mean effects, additive, dominance, additive × dominance dominance), formulas developed from with algebraic solution, proof, mathematical proof. Besides, to test adequate simple addit...