BACKGROUND The authors investigated the impact of acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) on intrarenal oxygenation and its functional short-term consequences in pigs. METHODS Renal microvascular oxygenation (µPO2) was measured in cortex, outer and inner medulla via three implanted optical fibers by oxygen-dependent quenching of phosphorescence. Besides systemic hemodynamics, renal function, hi...

In a prospective study, we randomly allocated 70 patients with acute ischemic stroke to two therapy groups. Up to interim analysis, 33 patients underwent bloodletting, with simultaneous infusion of an identical volume of hydroxyethyl starch (10%, 200/0.5). The target hematocrit was 35%. A control group of 37 patients did not receive hemodilution. Apart from an unequal sex distribution, the two ...

Acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) is a blood-conservation method in which whole blood (WB(ANH)) is sequestered into blood collection bags before the commencement of surgery. However, for cardiac surgery, extracorporeal circuit (ECC) priming techniques limit the amount of blood that may collected prior to the actual initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). In this study, computational mod...

The advent of hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has made intentional hemodilution a standard practice, as it is believed that the increase in blood viscosity without hemodilution adversely affects microcirculatory flow. In the 1980s and 1990s, the acceptable level of CPB hemodilution was lowered to hematocrit values <18% as a consequence of the heightened concern of viral transmission th...

&nbsp; Superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass is widely accepted as an effective treatment for ischemic cerebrovascular disease in terms of improvement of cerebral blood flow in the ischemic region. However, the indications for and timing of STA-MCA bypass in the acute stage of ischemic stroke have not been established. Isovolemic hemodilution has been shown to temp...

BACKGROUND Perioperative allogenic transfusion is required in almost 50% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery and is associated with higher risk of mortality and morbidity (Xue et al., Lancet 387:1905, 2016; Ferraris et al., Ann Thorac Surg 91:944-82, 2011). Acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) is recommended as a potential strategy during cardiac surgery, but the blood conservation effect a...

INTRODUCTION Isotonic crystalloids play a central role in perioperative fluid management. Isooncotic preparations of colloids (for example, human albumin or hydroxyethyl starch) remain nearly completely intravascular when infused to compensate for acute blood losses. Recent data were interpreted to indicate a comparable intravascular volume effect for crystalloids, challenging the occasionally ...