BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We evaluated hepatitis B virus (HBV) serological markers by novel, quantitative immunoassays in order to study their behaviours and possible role in the various phases of HBV infection. STUDY DESIGN The quantitative determination of HBsAg and anti-HBc/IgM by chemiluminescent immunoassays (Abbott Architect) and the calculation of anti-HBc avidity index have been carri...

Hepatitis A (HAV) is a picornavirus transmitted via fecal-oral route that disproportionately affects homeless persons, men who have sex with men, and individuals use intravenous drugs. Acute HAV typically presents nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever. It most commonly self-limited but can progress to fulminant hepatic failure in less than 1% of cases. The following case unique presentation a...

INTRODUCTION We describe an unusual case of acute hepatitis leading rapidly to acute liver failure. CLINICAL PICTURE Our patient had known chronic hepatitis B with a regenerating nodule confirmed on imaging and histology. He was admitted initially for abdominal discomfort after a trip to China, and investigations showed acute hepatitis with alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminas...

Hepatitis C virus infects over 15 million patients from India and 2.86 million from Brazil. Detection of anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies has limited sensitivity during acute phase: the pre-seroconversion window period. Hepatitis C virus-RNA detection techniques are used to overcome this shortfall, but are costly and unavailable widely in developing countries. Estimation of hepatitis C virus c...

UNLABELLED The ability of endogenous IL-10 to modulate inflammatory response and to limit hepatotoxicity has been shown in several models of liver injury. AIMS The objectives of this study were to evaluate the relationship between liver disease and the balance between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines in acute alcoholic hepatitis. METHODS Twenty-five patients with pure steatosis, 17 with ...

The purpose of the present study was to measure the amount of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) in different populations by the immunoelectroosmophoresis method. High titers of anti-HBc, up to 1/4,096, were found in the acute stage of hepatitis B virus infections and in the chronic carrier state of hepatitis B surface antigen. In cases of acute hepatitis the anti-HBc titers gradua...

One hundred and sixty three cases of sporadic acute viral hepatitis were included in this study. Clinical diagnosis in all cases was supported by laboratory evidence of hepatocellular necrosis (AST/ALT levels 2.5 times the upper limit of normal). Sera collected in acute phase and stored at -20°C were analysed for various seromarkers of hepatitis using radioimmunoassay technique (Abbott Laborato...

Background: Subacute hepatic failure (SAHF) is a complication of acute hepatitis (AH) characterized by progressive jaundice and development of ascites within 24 weeks of the onset of icterus. Its pathogenesis is unknown and its treatment is unsatisfactory. This study highlights on the possible pathogenesis of the disease. Materials and methods: Thirty-two with SAHF among 798 patients of AH who ...

A case of an acute exacerbation of liver injury in a chronic HBV infected young male is reported. The correlation between the severe symptomatic hepatitis is done with the histopathologic findings of extensive areas of bridging necrosis on the liver biopsy. The serological pattern for markers of HBV (HBsAG +, anti HBs-, HBeAg-, anti HBe+, anti HBc IgG + and IgM-) confirm a chronic infection, an...

Classically acute hepatitis is defined clinically as a significant (at least 2X elevation above the upper reference level) elevation of the serum ALT and/or AST levels in a patient without a previous history of liver disease. Serum markers of cholestatic liver injury should not be present. Most patients with acute hepatitis are asymptomatic. The causes of mild elevations in serum ALT or AST are...