نتایج جستجو برای: acoustic reflex
تعداد نتایج: 107457 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Wild rodents learn the danger-predicting meaning of predator bird calls through the paring of cues which are an aversive stimulus (immediate danger signal or unconditioned stimulus, US) and the acoustic stimulus (predator signal or conditioned stimulus, CS). This learning is a form of pavlovian conditioning. In analogy, in this article a setup is described where adaptive sensor-driven neural co...
Bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) evokes in rodents an adaptive sickness behavior. It also produces changes in stress hormones secretion and activity of brain serotonergic and noradrenergic systems that have been implicated in stress responses, fear, and anxiety. Acoustic startle reflex (ASR) is regarded as a protective behavioral response that is enhanced in threatening situations ...
Two groups, each consisting of 8 three-week-old rat pups, were exposed to different behavioral treatments with the aim to determine how the experimental manipulation influenced their adult emotional reactivity. Every day for two weeks the pups from the first group received 15 min of handling whereas the animals from the second group were exposed to various aversive stimuli, differing each day. ...
Recent studies employing a reaction time (RT) task have reported that a preprogrammed response could be triggered directly by a startling acoustic stimulus (115-124 dB) presented along with the usual “go” signal. It has been suggested that details of the upcoming response could be stored subcortically and are accessible by the startle volley, directly eliciting the correct movement. However, ce...
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