in contracts to insure the implementation of contractual obligations, guarantees will obtain from promisor. with reference to the general conditions of guarantees, nature and custody of these guarantees does not have been stipulated in civil law and fidic contracts. in civil law about the analysis of the substantive guarantees, the views presented that among the most are: contract guarantee, um...

Background: During recent years, scientists have presented several methods for treating infertility; these methods occasionally are highly efficient for infertile couples but can be concerning because of legal and ethical issues. One of these methods is surrogacy. Surrogacy is used when the main etiology of infertility is in the uterus caused by these three reasons: lack of uterine‚ congenital ...

death is not the worst accident but sometimes birthday turns into a bad accident. in the problem of unwanted or disabled child as a result of medical fault, there have been doubts about the responsibility and opportunity to claim damages for years. but now the responsibility accepted by courts in different countries; parents according to contractual liability and disabled children according to ...

the principle of party-disposition (or what is called “le principe dispositif” in the french law) is one of the guiding principles for civil trial. according to this principle, the civil proceeding is regarded as the parties’s thing, so they can make any disposition on their proceeding, inter alia they are be able to commence and terminate it, determine the matters of fact and finally judge is ...

in this article a part of the amendment to the iranian civil law, i.e. amendment to article 946, ratified in bahman/february 1378/1999, is analyzed from the legal point of view. this article, according to which a significant change has taken place in the way the wife inherits from her husband and the civil law has distanced from the views of the renowned majority of the shī‘a jurists and has ap...

The article aims to study the provisions concerning law applicable divorce according art. 2597 and art 2600 of Romanian Civil Code (2011e, 2011f). answer following questions: 1. What is by choice agreement? 2. in absence a 3. does recognition unilateral termination entail? 4. scope law?