BACKGROUND To validate the association between accommodation and visual asthenopia by measuring objective accommodative amplitude with the Optical Quality Analysis System (OQAS®, Visiometrics, Terrassa, Spain), and to investigate associations among accommodation, ocular surface instability, and visual asthenopia while viewing 3D displays. METHODS Fifteen normal adults without any ocular disea...

An experimental method was developed to isolate accommodative and disparity vergence contributions to coordinated near vergence motor responses. The variability normally associated with the neural control signal was used as an identifying marker or tag. Using this approach, the results showed an increased variability associated with the blur-driven, accommodative vergence component that is part...

The behavior of the accommodative system at rest was investigated following short- (5 min) and long-term (1 hr) accommodative stimuli of either 0.00 D or 3.00 D. The resting position of accommodation changed in the direction of the accommodative stimulus presented. After the 5 min stimulus, the resting position slowly returned toward the pre-stimulus level. After the 1 hr stimulus, the resting ...

Conflicting opinions exist as to whether the phasic (reflex) component alone or both the phasic and tonic (adaptive) components of the accommodation and vergence systems drive accommodative vergence and vergence accommodation crosslinks. In this study the dissociated phoria to a 2 D target was measured before and after accommodative adaptation to discriminate the two possibilities. Results show...

PURPOSE To study the efficacy of several subjective and objective methods of accommodation measurement in normal prepresbyopic and presbyopic populations to identify appropriate methods for measuring the outcome of accommodative restorative procedures. SETTING University of Houston, College of Optometry, Houston, Texas, USA. METHODS Thirty-one normal subjects with a mean age of 43.7 years (...

BACKGROUND Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an acquired autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction which causes rapid muscle fatigue and weakness. Two thirds of all cases of myasthenia gravis (MG) initially manifest ptosis. In the absence of the characteristic variable ptosis, MG can present a challenge to the clinician. This article will review the current diagnostic and management strategies f...

Background: To evaluate ocular complications of strabismus surgery at the Department of Strabismus and Neuroophthalmology in our clinic. Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent strabismus surgery between March 1999 and February 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with minor ocular complications such as wound irregularities, conjunctivitis, subconjunctival hemorrhage, and...

PURPOSE To report antielevation syndrome with restriction of elevation on abduction in the operated eye and overaction (OA) of the inferior oblique muscle (IO) of the contralateral eye after unilateral IO anteriorization (AT). METHODS Medical records were reviewed retrospectively in 8 of 24 patients who underwent unilateral IOAT. Four patients were referred from other hospitals after the same...

PURPOSE Childhood accommodation interferes with accurate diagnosis of the latent refractive errors. Dynamic retinoscopy offers accurate measurements of accommodative response, while an autorefractometer can predict the accommodative system activation in children. A correlation of the accommodative effort with the dynamic refraction has been investigated in emmetropic children, before and after ...