PURPOSE Some debate surrounds the accommodative mechanism in primates, particularly whether the lens equatorial diameter increases or decreases during accommodation. This study has been undertaken to measure the relationship between changes in lens diameter and refraction during accommodation in rhesus monkeys. METHODS Photorefraction was used to measure accommodation, and goniovideography wa...

The objective was to measure the change in shape of the aging human crystalline eye lens in vivo during accommodation. Scheimpflug images were made of 65 subjects between 16 and 51 years of age, who were able to accommodate at least 1D. The Scheimpflug images were corrected for distortion due to the geometry of the camera and the refraction of the cornea and anterior lens surface, which is nece...

In young individuals, the C-values of tonograms obtained during accommodation were shown to be significantly greater than those obtained on the same eye when accommodation was completely relaxed. In the same group, the Schiotz pressure reading was found to be lower following 4 minutes of accommodation. Thus, the increase in C-values could not be interpreted to reflect exclusively the change in ...

Voluntary effort can be used to elicit changes in accommodation and vergence. We investigated the potential cross-coupling interactions of accommodative vergence/accommodation (AC/A) and vergence accommodation/vergence (CA/C) in response to voluntary effort. The responses of accommodation and vergence were measured simultaneously with a dual Purkinje image eye tracker and infrared optometer whi...

We determined the foveal Stiles-Crawford Effect as a function of up to 8 D accommodation stimulus in 6 young emmetropes and 6 young myopes using a psychophysical two-channel Maxwellian system in which the threshold luminance increment of a 1mm spot entering through variable positions in the pupil was determined against a background formed by a 4 mm spot entering the pupil centrally. The SCE bec...

The study of presuppositions lies on the border of semantics and pragmatics. It concerns information, assumed to be part of the discourse context by the speaker, as apparent in the syntactic form of the utterance. Missing presupposed information will normally be lled in by the hearer, provided it is compatible with the context. My thesis tries to characterise this process of presupposition acco...

Spatiotopic cues, such as perceived distance, have little effect on accommodation unless blur has been reduced or eliminated. We investigated the effect of perceived distance on accommodation under binocular steady-state conditions, about which little is known. Blur was reduced but not eliminated by using a stimulus with a moderately low luminance. Accommodation was measured under two condition...

An analytic theory for the Knudsen self-diffusivity D(s) of hard spheres in an atomically rough slit-shaped pore is presented which quantitatively matches simulation results. The theory assumes that, due to chaotic molecular trajectories caused by surface morphology, collisions of gas molecules with the wall are partly diffuse and partly specular, the relative magnitude of each depending upon t...

BACKGROUND Medication counselling opportunities are key times for pharmacists and patients to discuss medications and patients' concerns about their therapy. Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) describes behavioural, motivational and emotional processes underlying communication exchanges. Five CAT strategies (approximation, interpretability, discourse management, emotional expression and i...

Purpose In accommodation-sharing, hosts must provide satisfactory stay experiences for guests, who will then express intentions to revisit (behavioral loyalty) and/or recommend the others (attitudinal in their reviews. Through lens of expectation-confirmation theory, this study aims investigate service dimensions customers focus on reviews and relationships with customer-loyalty manifestations ...