OBJECTIVE We explored differences between professional and non-professional drivers in terms of the factors associated with preferences for generally accepted, effective countermeasures for sleepiness at the wheel--i.e., napping and drinking coffee. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Data from professional (n = 716) and non-professional (n = 3365) drivers were used f...

In a cross-sectional study, all trauma patients hospitalized for 24 hours or more over a 4-month period in Taleghani hospital, the only referral teaching centre in Kermanshah city, were studied (n = 779). Mean age was 34.7 (standard deviation 19.9) years. Male, unemployed and illiterate patients predominated. Road traffic accidents, falls and interpersonal violence were the most common mechanis...

Out of a total number of judicial autopsies handled in the Department of Legal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine during the period from Jan. 1963 to Mar. 1987, the traffic accidental death was recorded 278 cases including 216 cases for male and 62 cases for female respectively being specified as followings: 1) Victims-pedestrians: 168 cases, violent falling from two-wheelers (bicyc...

BACKGROUND Annually millions of Muslims depart to Saudi Arabia for performing a religious pilgrimage called "Hajj". In this ceremony, pilgrims face numerous health hazards and injuries such as pressing in overcrowding, sliding, burning, falling down, traffic accidents etc. The main purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of injuries in Hajj period across 2004 to 2008. METHODS Th...

The aim of this study was to estimate the global burden of disease from external causes in 2008 in Brazil, based on DALYs (disability-adjusted life years). YLLs (years of life lost) were estimated according to the method proposed by Murray & Lopez (1996). Meanwhile, the method for estimating YLDs (years lived with disability) included methodological adjustments taking the Brazilian reality into...

Introdouction: The incidence and etiology of maxillofacial fractures are influenced by social, cultural, and environmental factors. Understanding the cause, severity, and temporal distribution of maxillofacial trauma provides an insight into the behavioral patterns of people from different countries and can also assist in establishing clinical and research priorities for effective treatment and...

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SPINAL CORD INJURY IN SPAIN The incidence of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) has increased from 8 cases per million population (1984–1985) to 23.5 cases per million population (2000–2009) in Spain. Currently, it is estimated that 38,000 persons livewith SCI in Spain. According to data from the Spanish Ministry of Health (Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad, 2...

background: there is increasing evidence that visual impairment contribute to falling. the aim of this study was to determine the influence of vision impairment of old adult patients with cataract on the occurrence of falls and postural control. methods:according to the results of screening ophthalmic examination, 48 cataract patients (mean±sd aged 68.5 ± 6.08 yrs.) and 50 individuals without a...

Craniocervical fractures are socially important pathology. They represent one-third of the in cervical region. It is typical that elderly patients suffer from low-energy traumas such as falls, while younger high-energy motor vehicle accidents, sport falls and etc. associated with an increased risk craniocervical instability or neurological deficit. Primary therapeutic options depend on type fra...