We evaluate the practical network coding (NC) gain in a wireless ad hoc networks. First, we introduce how network coding can be applied to IEEE 802.11 ad hoc networks. Next, we find obstructive factors by which the NC gain may decrease as compared with the theoretical NC gain. Finally, through the performance evaluation, we analyze why a performance difference occurs between practical and theor...

The enormous increase in wireless communications and the growing request for transmission bandwidth have led to the need to configure wireless access networks with cellular structures based on the use of microand pico-cells. Applying these structures means that handovers between neighboring cells are more frequent and therefore have to be carefully managed. A key issue in connection with this i...

around the world there is a growing consensus that students' rights must be protected, regardless of race, creed, color, sex, religion, and socioeconomic status. one of these rights is the educational equity. however, little is known about these phenomena in nursing education. the aim of this study was to explore the educational equity from the perspective of nursing students. a qualitative stu...

objectives: civil rights may cover different aspects of citizens’ lives. all the members of the society should have equal access to the public facilities and public transportation system. barriers and obstacles in society may limit the accessibility of these facilities to the disabled people. methods: this article contains a part of the results in a phenomenological study of the disability righ...

teacher autonomy is viewed very differently: one teacher may view autonomy as a means to gain substantial freedom from interference or supervision; another may view it as the freedom to develop collegial relationships and accomplish tasks that extend beyond the classroom; and even some others may perceive it as a means for principals to avoid their duties (frase and sorenson, 1992). although th...

0968-090X/$ see front matter 2011 Published b doi:10.1016/j.trc.2011.12.004 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 20 7679 7214. E-mail address: [email protected] (N. Lathia). The increasing availability of sensor data in urban areas now offers the opportunity to perform continuous evaluations of transport systems and measure the effects of policy changes, in an empirical, large-scale, and non-i...

This paper deals with the automatic verification of the timeliness of Public Mobile Network (PMN), consisting of Mobile Nodes (MNs) and Base Stations (BSs). We use the Murphi Model Checker to verify that the waiting access time of each MN, under different PMN configurations and loads, and different inter arrival times of MNs in a BS cell, is always below a preassigned threshold. Our experimenta...

Personalization customizes information access. The PIPE (‘Personalization is Partial Evaluation’) modeling methodology represents interaction with an information space as a program. The program is then specialized to a user’s known interests or information seeking activity by the technique of partial evaluation. In this paper, we elaborate PIPE by considering requirements analysis in the person...

At the basis of safe food production practises is the design and manufacture of products with a good safety record. When new products are developed, informed and qualified judgement is used which considers potential microbiological hazards and the necessary control measures as part of the HACCP concept. The Hazard Analysis part is often referred to as a safety assessment or risk assessment. How...