Abu Raihan Al-Biruni (973 1048) is considered one of the intellectual giants of humankind. He was an astronomer, physicist and geographer, that distinguished himself as linguist and historian too. Here we discuss his major contributions to the mathematical geography of Middle Ages.

It seems that the academic motivation structure is affected by cultural factors. Many studies have examined factorial of scale (AMS), and results showed different structures AMS (e.g., Taghipour Ali Hosein et al. (EL-yazidi Louzani, 2017) concluded consists two dimensions; Natalya Purwanto (2018) it three Alruaili (2020) four Abu Awad (2009) six dimensions). The one most widely used measures ac...

We read with interest the article by Abu El Makarem MA et al. (1) entitled, “Platelet count/bipolar spleen diameter ratio for the prediction of esophageal varices: The special Egyptian situation.” This study evaluated noninvasive predictors of esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients by multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. However, in our ...

Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; HUH Heart and Lung Center, University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; University Clinic of Heart Surgery, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria; Swedish Heart and Vascular Institute, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA Correspondence to: Johannes Bonatti, MD, FETCS. Cardiac Surgeon, Chief Hea...