The ensign wasp genus Hyptia Illiger was previously known from 52 extant New World species and one fossil species from Lower Miocene to Upper Oligocene Mexican amber. Hyptia hennigi sp. nov., from Eocene Baltic amber, is the oldest known species and the first member of the genus from the Old World.

Drinking or local application of human or animal urine for medicinal purposes has been practiced all over the world for millennia. Documented prescriptions in Europe originate from ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome. While many of the advances of antique medicine were forgotten after the fall of the Roman Empire, the use of urine and other excrements enjoyed continued popularity in mediaeval times....

AbstractThe paper involves thorough study of non-linear vibratory oscillators and numerical methodology to analyse and resolute the non-linear dynamical world. The study involves the analysis of non-linear oscillators like the Van der Pol Oscillator and Duffing Oscillator. Application of regular perturbation method in the oscillator is also demonstrated. The equilibrium and stability analysis o...

Despite emerging interest in congregations as social service providers in communities across the U.S., recent studies have offered troubling critiques of congregation-based social services, namely that they exhibit limited participation from community members and consist largely of short-term programs. In response to these critiques, this paper will suggest Paul R. Dokecki’s framework for refle...

The majority of terrestrial plants live in association with symbiotic fungi that facilitate mineral nutrient uptake. The oldest and most prevalent of these associations are the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbioses that first evolved approximately 400 million years ago, coinciding with the appearance of the first land plants. Crop domestication, in comparison, is a relatively recent event, begi...

It is believed that tuberculosis has been killing human beings for over 4000 years. Several reports exist of ancient Egyptian mummies having signs of tubercular decay in their bodies. After the discovery of powerful anti-TB drugs such as streptomycin, isoniazid and rifampin during 1940-70s, it was thought that TB would be gone from the face of the earth, but tuberculosis still remains one of th...

A new fossil species of the iphiculid genus Iphiculus Adams & White, 1849, (Crustacea, Brachyura) is described on the basis of three specimens from the Middle Miocene Florian Beds of Styria, Austria. Iphiculus eliasi sp. nov. constitutes the first European record of the genus. This occurrence represents the oldest record of Iphiculus, having implications for the palaeobiogeographic history of t...

Hortus Malabaricus is the oldest important printed book on Indian medicinal plants. The 1(st) of its 12 volumes was published in 1678 from Amsterdam this book, written by H.A. Van Rheede is perhaps the only authentic record of the ethnoiatrical knowledge of ancient Malabar, available to us today. Several hundred medicinal plants which were successful used by the Ayurvedic physiclans of 17(th) c...

Segmentation in image processing refers to the process of partitioning a digital image into multiple segments. This paper makes an attempt to segment the Comic images for extraction the text. Segmentation of comic images into extract the text is a challenging task primarily because of complexity of the structural Features like color, shape and texture. In this paper we proposed a color based co...