Peganum garmala contains in its composition quinazoline (L-peganine (vasicin), pegamine, peganol, deoxypeganine, peganidin, etc.) and β-carboline (harmine, harman, harmaline, harmalol, alkaloids, which also cause different pharmacological activity harmala preparations. The accumulation of alkaloids depends on the stage ontogenesis differs aboveground underground parts plant. aim work is to dete...

This study evaluated, for the first time, suitability of on-farm green compost (GC) from fourth range sector production, in a controlled environment, six baby leaf species (radish, lettuce, rocket, chard, sorrel and dill), characterized by short cultivation cycles. The pH electrical conductivity potting soil-compost mixtures were affected different amounts GC added to soil. Germination tests on...

In herbaceous communities which host many perennial species, belowground clonal organs and traits remain largely overlooked in ecosystem functioning studies. However, the compartment is expected to play a key role as greatest proportion of biomass allocated belowground. Our main goal was test whether including underexplored (in tandem with widely used aboveground traits) improves ability predic...

Tree performance depends on the coordinated functioning of interdependent leaves, stems and (mycorrhizal) roots. Integrating plant organs their traits, therefore, provides a more complete understanding tree than studying in isolation. Until recently, our limited root traits impeded such whole-tree perspective performance, but recent developments ecology provide new impetuses for integrating bel...

1Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico, No. 155, 00196 Rome, Italy 2Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, 1900 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA 3Cornea and Ocular Surface Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina, No. 60, 20132 Milan, Italy 4Queen Alexandra Hospital, Southwick Hill Road, Cosham PO6 3LY, ...

The genetic analysis of development has revealed the importance of small sets of interacting genes in most morphogenetic processes. The results of gene interactions have so far been examined intuitively. This approach is largely sufficient when one deals with simple interactions, a feedback circuit for example. As more components become involved, however, it is difficult to make sure that the i...

Many mechanisms of invasive species success have been elucidated, but those driving cryptic invasions of non-native genotypes remain least understood. In one of the most successful cryptic plant invasions in North America, we investigate the mechanisms underlying the displacement of native Phragmites australis by its Eurasian counterpart. Since invasive Phragmites ’ populations have been especi...

Ecosystems worldwide are increasingly impacted by multiple drivers of environmental change, including climate warming and loss of biodiversity. We show, using a long-term factorial experiment, that plant diversity loss alters the effects of warming on productivity. Aboveground primary productivity was increased by both high plant diversity and warming, and, in concert, warming (≈1.5 °C average ...