background: genome instability is a main cause of chromosomal alterations in both somatic and germ cells when exposed to environmental, physical and chemical genotoxicants. germ cells especially spermatozoa are more vulnerable to suffering from dna damaging agents during spermatogenesis and also more potent in transmitting genome instability to next generation. methods: to investigate the effec...

in spite of the technologies developed during the last decade, the level of food loss is still high and is reported in many countries. according to the united nations, more than 30 per cent of the mortality rate world-wide is caused by alimentary diseases. the desire of most countries to make food safer for consumption requires better food preservation and production techniques. in this regard,...

background: the aim of this study was to evaluate the radioprotective capacity of some novel aminoalkylated dithiocarbamic acid potassium salts against γ-irradiation in mice. materials and methods: eight compounds containing 2-aminoethyl-, 3- aminopropyl-, 4-aminobutyl-, 5-aminopentyl-, 6- aminohexyl-, 7-aminoheptyl-, 8-aminooctyl and 9- aminononyl of dithiocarbamate derivatives were prepared. ...

Drosophila melanogaster embryos at the cellular blastoderm stage were irradiated with a uV laser microbeam (257 nm, 7 erg) of 20-q diameter. Depending on the site of irradiation, up to 90% of the resulting first-instar larvae showed defects in the integument. The location of the defects within the cuticular pattern corresponded closely to the site of irradiation. The data indicate that the anla...

PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the factors that reduce fetal dose in pregnant patients with breast cancer throughout their radiation treatment. Two main factors in a standard radiation oncology center are considered as the treatment planning systems (TPSs) and simple shielding for intensity modulated radiation therapy technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS TPS factor was evaluated with two ...

Amifostine (AM) is a radioprotector that scavenges free radicals and is used in patients undergoing radiotherapy. p53 has long been implicated in cell cycle arrest for cellular repair after radiation exposure. We therefore investigated the protective p53-dependent mechanism of AM on small bowel damage after lethal whole-abdominal irradiation (WAI). AM increased both the survival rate of rats an...

To assess whether Fanconi anemia (FA) patients might be at risk for acute graft-versus-host disease (AGvHD) despite using low-intensity conditionings, we retrospectively analyzed the incidence of AGvHD and its impact on outcome in 37 FA patients and 73 patients with acquired aplastic anemia (AAA) that received transplants at Saint Louis Hospital from HLA-genotypic identical siblings with simila...

Our ability to use ionizing radiation as an energy source, as a therapeutic agent, and, unfortunately, as a weapon, has evolved tremendously over the past 120 years, yet our tool box to handle the consequences of accidental and unwanted radiation exposure remains very limited. We have identified a novel group of small molecule compounds with a 4-nitrophenylsulfonamide (NPS) backbone in common t...

In this study, we evaluate the attenuation of the dose due to barium-impregnation in the region between the surface of an electronic brachytherapy (EBT) balloon applicator for accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) and the prescription point at 1 cm depth in tissue. To perform the study, depth dose curves were calculated using a general purpose multi-particle transport code (FLUKA) for a...

PURPOSE There are multiple current strategies for breast radiotherapy (RT). The alignment of physician practice patterns with best evidence and patient preferences will enhance patient autonomy and improve cancer care. However, there is little information describing patient preferences for breast RT and physician practice patterns. METHODS AND MATERIALS Using a reliable and valid instrument, ...