A non-local gauge symmetry of a complex scalar field, which can be trivially extended to spinor fields, was demonstrated in a recent paper (Mod. Phys. Lett. A13, 1265 (1998) ; hep-th/9902020). The corresponding covariant Lagrangian density yielded a new, non-local Quantum Electrodynamics. In this Letter we show that as a consequence of this new QED, a blackbody radiation viewed through gaseous ...

People exhibit peer-induced fairness concerns when they look to their peers as a reference to evaluate their endowments. We analyze two independent ultimatum games played sequentially by a leader and two followers. With peer-induced fairness, the second follower is averse to receiving less than the first follower. Using laboratory experimental data, we estimate that peer-induced fairness betwee...

Tax Morale and Compliance Behavior: First Evidence on a Causal Link Recent literature on tax evasion emphasizes the importance of moral considerations to explain compliance behavior. As a consequence scholars aim to identify factors that shape this so-called tax morale. However, the causal link between tax morale and actual compliance behavior is not established yet. Exploiting exogenous variat...

Our research is a variant of the third party punishment game that we call Solomon’s Game. The main feature of this game is that players can not only punish unfair people but also help those individuals who are the victims of that unfairness. The aim of this experiment is to compare the human tendency to punish unfair behavior to the desire to help victims of that unfairness, in presence of a bu...

Rare coding variants of ATP-binding cassette protein A13 (ABCA13) contribute to the risk of neurological disorders, but little is known about the physiological function of ABCA13 and how single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) affect it. Here, we examined the effects of neurological disorder-related SNPs ABCA13, T4031A and R4843C in the context of ABCA1, and found that the former SNP (T1088A in ...

We model group formation as a response to relative deprivation. We employ a simple measure of relative deprivation. We show that the process of deprivationinduced self-selection into groups reaches a unique steady state. We study the social welfare implications of the deprivation-induced process of group formation and show that when individuals are left to pursue their betterment the resulting ...

We study the effect that the possibility of investing in cultural education has on the voluntary contributions to a cultural good. This is done in a two-stage public-good experiment. We also provide treatments with different context in order to control for a possible framing effect. Our results show the absence of an effect of cultural education on the contributions to the cultural good and a s...

We wonder whether different game experiences are associated with significant differences in experimental behavior and, more specifically, whether expert bridge players, due to their superior team play habits, are more likely to adopt cooperative behavior than expert poker players. Evidence from trust games shows that bridge players make more polarized choices and choose the maximum trustor cont...

Mev. The quantity b& has been unobserved in lower energy m experiments partly because the data were analyzed under the assumption that it is zero. On the other hand, (3.7) predicts, even with an f'as low as 0.08, a value of —0.166&0.014 for br+2ats+arr. This would seem to imply, if the dispersion relations are correct, that one or two of the quantities b1, u13, and a11, are much larger than has...

It was demonstrated in a recent paper (Mod.Phys.Lett. A13, 1265 (1998) ; hepth/9902020) that the existence of a non-thermodynamic arrow of time at the atomic level is a fundamental requirement for conservation of energy in matter-radiation interaction. Since the universe consists of two things only — energy and massive matter — we argue that as a consequence of this earlier result, particles an...