Bizans İmparatoru II. Nikephoros Phokas’ın (963-969) hükümranlığının son döneminde Bulgarlara karşı Kiev Knez’i Svyatoslav (945-972) ile işbirliğine girmesi üzerine Bulgaristan’ı ilhak eden Ruslar, Bizans’ı tehdit edecek bir konuma gelmiş bulunmaktaydı. Knezi Oleg (879-913) hâkimiyet alanını Güney Avrupa içlerinden Karadeniz kıyılarına kadar genişleten etki Balkanlar’a yayarak nihayetinde komşu...

Long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission at parallel fiber (PF)-Purkinje cell synapses is thought to regulate motor learning and memory formation in the cerebellum. Neuronal activity-evoked protein kinase C (PKC) activation is required for the induction of LTD. In addition, the delta2 glutamate receptor (GluRdelta2), which is predominantly expressed at PF-Purkinje cell synapses, is i...

Alignment of prokaryotic and vertebrate type II thymidine kinases (TK) (EC 2.7.1.21), such as that encoded by vaccinia virus (VVTK), reveals three conserved regions: designated domains I, III, and VII. Domains I and III of VVTK contain residues which closely resemble segments A (ATP) and B (Mg2+), respectively, of a Mg.ATP binding descriptor proposed previously (Walker, J.E., Saraster, M., Runs...

The present study was designed to explore the easy and fast method diagnosis of tobacco products in saliva of tobacco users (TU) by FTIR. Sixty four male tobacco users (TU) with mean age range 15.3 to 30.7 years were randomly selected for collection of saliva samples before and after tobacco use (smoking, chewing and dipping tobacco). Twenty were the smoking tobacco users (STU), 24 were chewing...