or city is assigned to a recipient area, in the 1950s as part of its efforts to develop the minority-inhabited border areas, and this practice was first formalized by the central government in 1979 (Qian et al. 2012). Since then, this strategy has also been used to undertake major infrastructure construction projects (such as the Three Gorges Dam in 1992) and disaster relief and recovery (such ...

We describe our experience with the implementation and use of a hardreal-time scheduler for use in Plan 9 as an embedded operating system.

Case-based planning (CBP) is based on reusing past successful plans for solving new problems. CBP is particularly useful in environments where the large amount of time required to traverse extensive search spaces makes traditional planning techniques unsuitable. In particular, in real-time domains, past plans need to be retrieved and adapted in real time and efficient plan adaptation techniques...

The Plan 9 window system, 81⁄2, is a modest-sized program of novel design. It provides textual I/O and bitmap graphic services to both local and remote client programs by offering a multiplexed file service to those clients. It serves traditional UNIX files like /dev/tty as well as more unusual ones that provide access to the mouse and the raw screen. Bit­ map graphics operations are provided b...

The present report discusses the importance of measuring the impacts of information and communication technologies (ICTs) for development, identifies key challenges and presents empirical evidence on the positive and negative impacts of ICTs in areas such as economic performance, health, education, employment and the environment. Several methodological approaches to measurement are discussed an...

This paper explains why scripted dialogue shares some crucial properties with discourse. In particular, when scripted dialogues are generated by a Natural Language Generation system, the generator can apply revision strategies that cannot normally be used when the dialogue results from an interaction between autonomous agents (i.e., when the dialogue is not scripted). The paper explains that th...

Intelligent agents are often called upon to form plans that direct their own or other agents’ activities. For these systems, the ability to describe plans to people in natural ways is an essential aspect of their interface. In this paper, we present the Cooperative Plan Identification (CPI) architecture, a computational model that generates concise, effective textual descriptions of plan data s...

We have developed an automated system for the design of laboratory experiments in molecular biology. The system uses a planning method known as skeletal plan refinement that attempts to emulate the human cognitive task of experiment design. This paper describes the theory, history, and implementation of the design system and illustrates its function in the domain of DNA cloning experiments.

Many enterprise environments have databases running on network-attached storage infrastructure (referred to as Storage Area Networks or SANs). Both the database and the SAN are complex subsystems that are managed by separate teams of administrators. As often as not, database administrators have limited understanding of SAN configuration and behavior, and limited visibility into the SAN’s run-ti...

We address the Monge problem in metric spaces with a geodesic distance: (X, d) is a Polish space and dN is a geodesic Borel distance which makes (X, dN ) a possibly branching geodesic space. We show that under some assumptions on the transference plan we can reduce the transport problem to transport problems along family of geodesics. We introduce two assumptions on the transference plan π whic...