multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system which is accompanied by demyelinating the neurons. the imbalance between the t cell effectors and t cell regulators is thought to have a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. melatonin is a hormone that is secreted by pineal gland which has an important role in circadian rhythm and immune-modulatory effects. melatonin ...

Synthetic monosaccharide lipid A analogs with alkyl-branched acyl substituents instead of the usual ester-branched acyl substituents were investigated for their biological activities. The activities were compared with those of a representative synthetic monosaccharide lipid A analog with an ester branch (GLA-60) and synthetic complete lipid A (506) to estimate the role of the attaching mode of ...

Objective: Curcumin penetration can be increased by formulating it into the transethosome system. Surfactant is one of components that affect physical properties and vesicles. In this study, a combination two surfactants was used to see effect on curcumin penetration.
 Methods: This study tween 60 span with concentration ratio 0:5 (F1), 1:1 (F2), 2:1 (F3), 1:2 (F4). An evaluation included ...