Ninety-five streptomycin-nonproducing mutants derived from Streptomyces griseus FT-1 by UV-irradiation could be classified into major two classes by cosynthesis tests. Class I mutants (42 strains) were mutants blocked in the pathway of streptomycin biosynthesis while class II mutants (49 strains) required a factor for streptomycin biosynthesis which was excreted by the parental or class I mutan...

A fragment of DNA was cloned from the Streptomyces griseus K-63 genome by using genes (act) for the actinorhodin polyketide synthase (PKS) of Streptomyces coelicolor as a probe. Sequencing of a 5.4-kb segment of the cloned DNA revealed a set of five gris open reading frames (ORFs), corresponding to the act PKS genes, in the following order: ORF1 for a ketosynthase, ORF2 for a chain length-deter...

Dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) melanins formed from tyrosine by tyrosinases are found in microorganisms, plants, and animals. Most species in the soil-dwelling, gram-positive bacterial genus Streptomyces produce DOPA melanins and melanogenesis is one of the characteristics used for taxonomy. Here we report a novel melanin biosynthetic pathway involving a type III polyketide synthase (PKS), RppA,...

In bacteria, the RNA polymerase holoenzyme comprises a five-subunit core enzyme and a dissociable subunit, sigma factor, which is responsible for transcriptional initiation. The filamentous bacterium Streptomyces griseus has 52 sigma factors, including one essential 'principal' sigma factor (σ(HrdB) ) that is responsible for the transcription of housekeeping genes. Here we characterized an alte...

BACKGROUND Actinomycetes are saprophytic soil bacteria, and a rich source of industrial enzymes. While some of these enzymes can be produced using well-characterized production platforms such as Escherichia coli or Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces lividans may be the preferred host for proper folding and efficient secretion of active enzymes. A combination of promoters, signal peptides and hosts...