Antigen cross-presentation in dendritic cells is a complex intracellular membrane transport process, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be thoroughly investigated. In this study, we examined the effect of siRNA-mediated knockdown of 57 Rab GTPases, the key regulators of membrane trafficking, on antigen cross-presentation. Twelve Rab GTPases were identified to be associated with a...

Citreoviridin, asteltoxin and aurovertin B are members of a group of mycotoxins which act as inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation in rnitochondria. The biosynthetic origin of the carbon skeleton of these metabolites was studied by incorporation of 13C—labelled precursors: [l—'3C]—, [2—'3C]—, [l,2—'3C2]—, [l—'3C,2—2H3—, and 12—'3C,2—2H3]acetate, (25)—[methyl— 13C ]methionine and [1— 3C]— and ...

Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) methylates purine analogues, showing TPMT activity in inverse relation to concentrations of active metabolites such as 6-thioguanine nucleotide (6-TGN). With conventional dosing of thiopurines, patients with homozygous variant TPMT alleles consistently suffer from severe myelosuppression. Here, we report a patient with TPMT*3C/*3C who managed successfully w...

Observations with the Wide-Field/Planetary Camera-2 of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) are presented for three radio-loud quasars: 3C 48 (z = 0.367), B2 1425+267 (z = 0.366), and 3C 345 (z = 0.594). All three quasars have luminous (∼ 4× L) galaxies as hosts, which are either elliptical (B2 1425+267 and 3C 345) or interacting (3C 48), and all hosts are 0.5 − 1.0 mag bluer in (V −I) than other g...

we have performed a density functional theory investigation on the structural and electronic properties of pristine and nitrogen-doped tio2 anatase nanoparticles as the adsorbents for removal and degradation of hydrazine molecules in the environment. we have presented the most stable adsorption configurations and examined the interaction of hydrazine molecule with these doped and undoped nanopa...

Single crystal 3C-SiC films were grown on (100) and (111) Si substrate orientations in order to study the resulting mechanical properties of this material. In addition, poly-crystalline 3CSiC was also grown on (100)Si so that a comparison with monocrystaline 3C-SiC, also grown on (100)Si, could be made. The mechanical properties of single crystal and polycrystalline 3C-SiC films grown on Si sub...

in this work, mg-doped zno nanostructures were prepared in water under ultrasonic irradiation for 60 min without using any organic compounds or post preparation treatments. the prepared samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction (xrd), scanning electron microscopy (sem), transmission electron microscopy (tem), energy dispersive analysis of x-ray (edx), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (drs...

lu3+/yb3+ and lu3+/er3+ co-doped sb2se3 nanomaterials were synthesized by a co-reduction method in hydrothermal condition. powder xrd patterns indicate that the lnxln′xsb2-2xse3 ln: lu3+/yb3+ and lu3+/er3+ crystals (x= 0.00-0.04) are isostructural with sb2se3. the cell parameters were increased for compounds upon increasing the dopant content (x). sem and tem images show that co-doping of lu3+/...

Recent research efforts in growth of 3C-SiC are reviewed. Sublimation growth is addressed with an emphasis on the enhanced understanding of polytype stability in relation to growth conditions, such as supersaturation and Si/C ratio. It is shown that at low temperature/supersaturation spiral 6H-SiC growth is favored, which prepares the surface for 3C-SiC nucleation. Provided the supersaturation ...

The 3C model was rst developed in [Trac 89] and reviewed at last year's workshop [SMTR 90]. This position paper responds to that review, and in doing so outlines a framework for thinking about 3C aspects of an architecture of components. Such components can be said to be normalized in that they capture one concern of the architecture in their content.