When a mechanistic food web model was parameterized for the Arctic marine ecosystem, it predicted PCB concentrations in zooplankton and fish that were two orders of magnitude lower than measured. PCB concentrations measured in zooplankton and fish were within the laboratory's accredited quality assured criteria, and were comparable to other Arctic regions. Although on a different scale, the pre...

Activity discovery and recognition can provide unprecedented opportunities for health monitoring, automation, energy efficiency and security. Despite all the potential benefits, in practice we are faced with the main challenge of collecting huge amounts of data for each new physical space in order to carry out the conventional activity discovery algorithms. This results in a prolonged deploymen...

Fedesco, Heather Noel. Ph.D., Purdue University, May 2015. Employee Wellness Coaching as an Interpersonal Communication Intervention: Exploring Intervention Effects on Healthcare Costs, Risks, and Behaviors. Major Professors: Melanie Morgan and William B. Collins. In order to address the rise in healthcare expenditures, employers are turning to wellness programs as a means to potentially curtai...

The extinct Devonian placoderms (armoured jawed fishes) [1,2] are central to the question of tooth origins, because some have denticulate ‘toothplates’ within the mouth cavity. A key question is whether these gnathal plates were modified from external dermal bones, or had ‘denticles’ representing true teeth with pulp cavities [3, fig. 2h]. The recent contribution by Rücklin & Donoghue [4] confu...

A large proportion of children across the globe suffer abuse or neglect. Therefore, studies that shed light on the health consequences of adverse childhood experiences and examine the potential for resilience are of great importance. The meta-analysis by Varese et al. 3 in this volume is a welcome addition to these studies. Their meta-analysis addresses the question of whether childhood adversi...

The pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and excretion of cobimetinib, a MEK inhibitor, were characterized in healthy male subjects (n = 6) following a single 20 mg (200 mCi) oral dose. Unchanged cobimetinib and M16 (glycine conjugate of hydrolyzed cobimetinib) were the major circulating species, accounting for 20.5% and 18.3% of the drug-related material in plasma up to 48 hours postdose, respectivel...

1Endocrine Research Centre, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Islamic Republic of Iran. 2Department of Disease Control and National Committee for the Control and Management of Diabetes, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. Received: 23/04/02; accepted: 06/01/03 SUMMARY Diabetes mellitus has become a monumental problem and a major heal...

Definition 28.1.2 The variance of a random variable X with expectation μ = E[X] is the quantity V[X] = E [ (X − μ) ] = E [ X2 ] − μ2. The standard deviation of X is σX = √ V[X]. Theorem 28.1.3 (Chebychev inequality) Let X be a random variable with μx = E[X] and σx be the standard deviation of X. That is σX = E [ (X − μx) ] . Then, Pr [|X − μX | ≥ tσX] ≤ 1 t2 . This work is licensed under the Cr...

Fluorination has gained an increasingly important role in drug discovery and development. Here we describe a versatile strategy that combines cytochrome P450–catalyzed oxygenation with deoxofluorination to achieve monoand polyfluorination of nonreactive sites in a variety of organic scaffolds. This procedure was applied for the rapid identification of fluorinated drug derivatives with enhanced ...