background: the most devastating manifestations of diabetes mellitus are vascular complications. although there are many factors involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic vasculopathy, many studies suggest a role for glucose–induced oxidative stress. studies in animal models, have demonstrated that the administration of antioxidants restores normal endothelial functions. the study was designed t...

background: it has been known that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) is involved in neural survival and long term memory (ltm). here we hypothesized that bdnf as a potent neurotrophic factor might modulate amnestic effect induced by morphine. objectives: the aim of this study was to examine whether infusion of exogenous bdnf in the ca1 regions of the dorsal hippocampi could ameliorate me...

this experiment was conducted, to study the effect of planting time and planting density on savory (satureja sahendica bornm.) in 2012 in alborz research station, research institute of forests and rangelands, karaj, iran. the experiment was carried out in split plot in time in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replicates. the main plots were planting times in two levels ...

Flowering patterns are defined by the timing, duration, and frequency of flowering. Plants, particularly in the tropics, vary enormously with respect to these main variables of flowering. We used data from 302 tree species in a wet tropical forest to test a series of predictions regarding timing, duration, and frequency of flowering and examined the effect of each variable on the other two. Bec...

This study was conducted to determine the effect of different levels organic copper (organic Cu) supplementation on performance, egg quality, serum parameters and incubation characteristics in Japanese quail diets. 120 breeder quails 7 weeks old were used lasted 84 days. Four diets containing (0, 75, 150 225 mg/kg) study. The a random design consisting 20 subgroups with 5 replicates, 4 females ...

Methylmercury (MeHg), an environmental contaminant primarily found in fish and seafood, may pose long-term health risks to pregnant women and their developing children. The objective of this study was to determine whether co-consumption of nutritional supplements would alter the effects of MeHg on reproductive and developmental toxicity using a rodent model. Adult female rats were fed a diet co...

The field experiment entitled “Influence of Biofertilizers and Nitrogen on Yield Economics Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)" was conducted during Rabi season, 2022 at Crop Research Farm in the Department agronomy, Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom University Agriculture, Technology Sciences, Prayagraj Uttar Pradesh. treatment consisted three level [Azotobacter, Azospirillum Azotobacter +...

The number of 88 rats was chosen, after 21 days, they were ablactated and categorized them as following groups:
 control group 1 has a cage 8 in social condition. After 6 weeks saline injection (1mg / kg), the yawning behavior is recorded for 60 minutes. Group 2 conditions receiving ethanol months, each serving 600 mg kg. 3 isolation without treatment with agonist antagonist, Opioid alcoho...

Clinical observations suggest the involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in depressive illness. There is no clear cut evidence that nicotine produces an antidepressant effect. The antidepressant effect was assessed by the forced swimming test using male albino mice. Nicotine (1.2 mg/kg s.c.) given 15 min. before the test exerted no effect on immobility. Given 30 min before th...